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Protocol - Reproductive History - Female

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Description

The female participant is first asked how many pregnancies she has had. If none, the protocol is complete. For each pregnancy she reports, she is asked a series of questions (e.g., whether pregnancy was a live birth, how long the pregnancy lasted, when did the pregnancy end, whether the participant had frequent nausea or vomiting). The participant is also asked about smoking and drinking during pregnancy.

Specific Instructions

If the participant answers with a number greater than zero to question 1, the interviewer should complete the rest of the protocol. If the participant answers "none" then the protocol is deemed complete.

For question 3 (gestational age) the Working Group (WG) notes that a term pregnancy is 40 weeks.

As noted above, this measure can also be used for estimating certain in utero exposures if the research subject is an infant. In that instance, the questions would be asked of the mother regarding her exposures to smoking and alcohol while pregnant with this child. The PhenX WG recommends that for that purpose, use only questions 3-15 (and only for that pregnancy).

For question 4, the interviewer should supply the respondent with a calendar.

The PhenX Reproductive Health WG suggests adding the word "preeclampsia" to question 7 so that it reads, "Preeclampsia/Toxemia." The PhenX Reproductive Health WG notes that for question 7, vaginal bleeding is a common, potentially important complication and should be asked specifically in 1st, 2nd and/or 3rd trimester.

The WG removed the Women’s Interview Study of Health (WISH) question regarding pregnancy weight gain as it is included in the PhenX Toolkit, Anthropometric measure (Pregnancy Weight Gain).

The original text for question 15 was placed below to provide Toolkit users with its original format:

V12. During your most recent pregnancy, did you receive any of the following services?

For each one, circle Y (Yes) if you received the service or N (No) if you did not receive

the service. Did you receive:

No

Yes

a.

Money to buy food, food stamps, or WIC vouchers

N

Y

b.

Help with an alcohol or drug problem

N

Y

c.

Help to reduce violence in your home

N

Y

d.

Counseling information for family and personal problems

N

Y

e.

Help to quit smoking

N

Y

f.

Help with or information about breastfeeding

N

Y

g.

Other

N

Y

Please tell us: [BOX]

Below are some definitions excerpted from the Mayo Clinic website that may assist researchers in using the toolkit:

  • Preeclampsia is a condition of pregnancy marked by high blood pressure and excess protein in the mother’s urine after 20 weeks of pregnancy. Preeclampsia often causes only modest increases in blood pressure. Left untreated, however, preeclampsia can lead to serious-even fatal-complications for both the mother and the baby. (Mayo Clinic. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/preeclampsia/DS00583, accessed February 15, 2010.)
  • Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that occurs only during pregnancy. Like other forms of diabetes, gestational diabetes affects the way the mother’s body uses sugar (glucose)-the body’s main source of fuel. (Mayo Clinic. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/gestational-diabetes/DS00316, accessed February 15, 2010.)

Ectopic pregnancy: Pregnancy begins with a fertilized egg. Normally, the fertilized egg attaches itself to the lining of the uterus. With an ectopic pregnancy, the fertilized egg implants somewhere else. An ectopic pregnancy nearly always occurs in one of the tubes that carry eggs from the ovaries to the uterus (fallopian tubes). This type of ectopic pregnancy is known as a tubal pregnancy. Rarely, an ectopic pregnancy occurs in the abdomen, ovary or neck of the uterus (cervix). (Mayo Clinic. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/ectopic-pregnancy/DS00622, accessed February 15, 2010.)

Availability

Available

Protocol

1. Including live births, stillbirths, miscarriages, abortions, and tubal and other ectopic pregnancies, how many times have you been pregnant? Be sure to count this pregnancy if you are currently pregnant.

______

# PREGNANCIES

NONE............................................................... 00

Now I will ask some detailed questions about (each of your pregnancies / that pregnancy). (ASK QUESTIONS 2-10 FOR ONE PREGNANCY BEFORE ASKING ABOUT THE NEXT.)

1ST PREGNANCY

2ND PREGNANCY

2. Was your (1st, 2nd, etc.) pregnancy a live birth, stillbirth, miscarriage, abortion, or ectopic pregnancy? (CIRCLE ALL THAT APPLY.)

LIVE BIRTH...............................................

STILLBIRTH..............................................

MISCARRIAGE.........................................

ABORTION ...............................................

ECTOPIC/TUBAL .....................................

CURRENTLY PREGNANT......................

OTHER (SPECIFY) ..................................

 

 

.............1

.............2

.............3

.............4

.............5

.............6 (skip to end)

............96

 

 

.............1

.............2

.............3

.............4

.............5

.............6 (skip to end)

............96

3. How many weeks or months did that pregnancy last?

____

WEEKS

OR

____

MONTHS

____

WEEKS

OR

____

MONTHS

4. On what date did that pregnancy end?

USING B4 AND B5, PUT "PG" ON CALENDAR FOR EACH MONTH OF THAT PREG.

__/__/____

MO DAY YR

PUT PG. ON CAL.

__/__/____

MO DAY YR

PUT PG. ON CAL.

5. During that pregnancy, did you have frequent nausea or vomiting? (CIRCLE ALL THAT APPLY.)

YES, NAUSEA ..................................................

YES, VOMITING ...............................................

NO......................................................................

.......................1

.......................2

.......................3 (7)

.......................1

.......................2

.......................3 (7)

6. In which months of the pregnancy did you have frequent nausea or vomiting? (CIRCLE ALL THAT APPLY.)

MONTHS 1-3 (FIRST TRIMESTER) .......

MONTHS 4-6 (SECOND TRIMESTER) ……..

MONTHS 7-9 (THIRD TRIMESTER).......

.......................1

.......................2

.......................3

.......................1

.......................2

.......................3

7. During that pregnancy, did you ever develop.......

a. Hypertension or high blood pressure? ........

b. Toxemia? .........................

c. Diabetes or high blood sugar?....................

d. Any other pregnancy-related complications?

Yes

1

1

1

1

No

2

2

2

2

Yes

1

1

1

1

No

2

2

2

2

8. Was the baby a boy or a girl? (MULTIPLE BIRTH WORDING: How many boys did you have? How many girls did you have?)

____

# BOYS

____ # GIRLS

____

# BOYS

____ # GIRLS

9. In the 3 months before you got pregnant, how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? (A pack has 20 cigarettes.)

[ ] 41 cigarettes or more

[ ] 21 to 40 cigarettes

[ ] 11 to 20 cigarettes

[ ] 6 to 10 cigarettes

[ ] 1 to 5 cigarettes

[ ] Less than 1 cigarette

[ ] None (0 cigarettes)

10. In the last 3 months of your pregnancy, how many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? (A pack has 20 cigarettes.)

[ ] 41 cigarettes or more

[ ] 21 to 40 cigarettes

[ ] 11 to 20 cigarettes

[ ] 6 to 10 cigarettes

[ ] 1 to 5 cigarettes

[ ] Less than 1 cigarette

[ ] None (0 cigarettes)

11. During the 3 months before you got pregnant, how many alcoholic drinks did you have in an average week?

[ ] 14 drinks or more a week

[ ] 7 to 13 drinks a week

[ ] 4 to 6 drinks a week

[ ] 1 to 3 drinks a week

[ ] Less than 1 drink a week

[ ] I didn’t drink then => Go to Question 15

12. During the 3 months before you got pregnant, how many times did you drink 4 alcoholic drinks or more in one sitting? A sitting is a two-hour time span.

[ ] 6 or more times

[ ] 4 to 5 times

[ ] 2 to 3 times

[ ] 1 time

[ ] I didn’t have 4 drinks or more in 1 sitting

13. During the last 3 months of your pregnancy, how many alcoholic drinks did you have in an average week?

[ ] 14 drinks or more a week

[ ] 7 to 13 drinks a week

[ ] 4 to 6 drinks a week

[ ] 1 to 3 drinks a week

[ ] Less than 1 drink a week

[ ] I didn’t drink then ≥ Go to Question 15

14. During the last 3 months of your pregnancy, how many times did you drink 4 alcoholic drinks or more in one sitting? A sitting is a two-hour time span.

[ ] 6 or more times

[ ] 4 to 5 times

[ ] 2 to 3 times

[ ] 1 time

[ ] I didn’t have 4 drinks or more in 1 sitting

15. During this pregnancy, did you receive help with an alcohol or drug problem?

[ ] Yes

[ ] No

Personnel and Training Required

Women’s Interview Study of Health (WISH) is an interviewer-administered survey. The interviewer must be trained to conduct personal interviews with individuals from the general population. The interviewer must be trained and found to be competent (i.e., tested by an expert) at the completion of personal interviews. The interviewer should be trained to prompt participants further if a "don’t know" response is provided.

The Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) is a mail (self-administered) survey with telephone follow-up.

Equipment Needs

Pencil and paper

Requirements
Requirement CategoryRequired
Major equipment No
Specialized training No
Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection No
Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual No
Mode of Administration

Self-administered or interviewer-administered questionnaire

Lifestage

Adult

Participants

Participants in the Women’s Interview Study of Health (WISH) are newly diagnosed breast cancer patients from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) areas of Atlanta and Seattle and from 10 counties of central New Jersey, aged 20-54.

Participants in the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) are a sample of women who have had a recent live birth and are drawn from the state’s birth certificate file.

Selection Rationale

Vetted against other pregnancy history questions, the Women’s Interview Study of Health (WISH) was the most comprehensive. The PhenX Reproductive Health Working Group added questions on smoking from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) questionnaire.

Language

English

Standards
StandardNameIDSource
Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) PhenX - reproductive history - female protocol 101301 62672-1 LOINC
caDSR Form PhenX PX101301 - Reproductive History Female 5971035 caDSR Form
Derived Variables

None

Process and Review

The Expert Review Panel #5 (ERP 5) reviewed the measures in the Reproductive Health domain.

Guidance from ERP 5 includes:

• No significant changes to measure

Back-compatible: no changes to the Data Dictionary.

Protocol Name from Source

Womens Interview Study of Health & Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS), 2009

Source

National Cancer Institute. (n.d.). Women’s Interview Study of Health. Question numbers B1-B8, B10 (questions 1-9). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS). Phase 6 Core Questionnaire. Questions 26 (question 9), 27 (question 10), 31a (question 11), 31b (question 12), 32a (question 13), 32b (question 14). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2004-08). Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS). Phase 5 Standard Questions. Question V12 (question 15).

General References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS). Phase 6 Core Questionnaire. http://www.cdc.gov/PRAMS/References/Phase6MailCore_FINAL.doc

National Cancer Institute. (n.d.). Women’s Interview Study of Health. http://seer.cancer.gov/studies/epidemiology/study15.html

Protocol ID

101301

Variables
Export Variables
Variable Name Variable IDVariable DescriptiondbGaP Mapping
PX101301_Alcohol_3_Months_Before_Pregnancy
PX101301110000 During the 3 months before you got pregnant, more
how many alcoholic drinks did you have in an average week? show less
N/A
PX101301_Alcohol_Last_3_Months_Pregnancy
PX101301130000 During the last 3 months of your pregnancy, more
how many alcoholic drinks did you have in an average week? show less
N/A
PX101301_Baby_Number_Boy_1
PX101301080101 Was the baby a boy or a girl? (MULTIPLE more
BIRTH WORDING: How many boys did you have? How many girls did you have?) show less
Variable Mapping
PX101301_Baby_Number_Boy_2
PX101301080201 Was the baby a boy or a girl? (MULTIPLE more
BIRTH WORDING: How many boys did you have? How many girls did you have?) show less
N/A
PX101301_Baby_Number_Girl_1
PX101301080102 Was the baby a boy or a girl? (MULTIPLE more
BIRTH WORDING: How many boys did you have? How many girls did you have?) show less
Variable Mapping
PX101301_Baby_Number_Girl_2
PX101301080202 Was the baby a boy or a girl? (MULTIPLE more
BIRTH WORDING: How many boys did you have? How many girls did you have?) show less
N/A
PX101301_Cigarettes_3_Months_Before_Pregnancy
PX101301090000 In the 3 months before you got pregnant, how more
many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? show less
N/A
PX101301_Cigarettes_Last_3_Months_Pregnancy
PX101301100000 In the last 3 months of your pregnancy, how more
many cigarettes did you smoke on an average day? show less
N/A
PX101301_Frequent_Nausea_Vomiting_During_Pregnancy_1
PX101301050100 During that pregnancy, did you have frequent more
nausea or vomiting? show less
N/A
PX101301_Frequent_Nausea_Vomiting_During_Pregnancy_2
PX101301050200 During that pregnancy, did you have frequent more
nausea or vomiting? show less
N/A
PX101301_Frequent_Nausea_Vomiting_Months_1
PX101301060100 In which months of the pregnancy did you more
have frequent nausea or vomiting? show less
N/A
PX101301_Frequent_Nausea_Vomiting_Months_2
PX101301060200 In which months of the pregnancy did you more
have frequent nausea or vomiting? show less
N/A
PX101301_Heavy_Alcohol_3_Months_Before_Pregnancy
PX101301120000 During the 3 months before you got pregnant, more
how many times did you drink 4 alcoholic drinks or more in one sitting? show less
N/A
PX101301_Heavy_Alcohol_Last_3_Months_Pregnancy
PX101301140000 During the last 3 months of your pregnancy, more
how many times did you drink 4 alcoholic drinks or more in one sitting? show less
N/A
PX101301_Number_Pregnancy
PX101301010000 Including live births, stillbirths, more
miscarriages, abortions, and tubal and other ectopic pregnancies, how many times have you been pregnant? Be sure to count this pregnancy if you are currently pregnant. show less
Variable Mapping
PX101301_Pregnancy_1
PX101301020101 Was your (1st, 2nd, etc.) pregnancy a live more
birth, stillbirth, miscarriage, abortion, or ectopic pregnancy? show less
N/A
PX101301_Pregnancy_2
PX101301020201 Was your (1st, 2nd, etc.) pregnancy a live more
birth, stillbirth, miscarriage, abortion, or ectopic pregnancy? show less
N/A
PX101301_Pregnancy_Diabetes_High_Blood_Sugar_1
PX101301070103 During that pregnancy, did you ever develop more
Diabetes or high blood sugar? show less
Variable Mapping
PX101301_Pregnancy_Diabetes_High_Blood_Sugar_2
PX101301070203 During that pregnancy, did you ever develop more
Diabetes or high blood sugar? show less
N/A
PX101301_Pregnancy_End_Date_1
PX101301040100 On what date did that pregnancy end? (mm/dd/yyyy) Variable Mapping
PX101301_Pregnancy_End_Date_2
PX101301040200 On what date did that pregnancy end? (mm/dd/yyyy) N/A
PX101301_Pregnancy_Hypertension_High_Blood_Pressure_1
PX101301070101 During that pregnancy, did you ever develop more
Hypertension or high blood pressure? show less
Variable Mapping
PX101301_Pregnancy_Hypertension_High_Blood_Pressure_2
PX101301070201 During that pregnancy, did you ever develop more
Hypertension or high blood pressure? show less
N/A
PX101301_Pregnancy_Last_Months_1
PX101301030102 How many weeks or months did that pregnancy last? N/A
PX101301_Pregnancy_Last_Months_2
PX101301030202 How many weeks or months did that pregnancy last? N/A
PX101301_Pregnancy_Last_Weeks_1
PX101301030101 How many weeks or months did that pregnancy last? Variable Mapping
PX101301_Pregnancy_Last_Weeks_2
PX101301030201 How many weeks or months did that pregnancy last? N/A
PX101301_Pregnancy_Preeclampsia_Toxemia_1
PX101301070102 During that pregnancy, did you ever develop more
Preeclampsia/Toxemia? show less
Variable Mapping
PX101301_Pregnancy_Preeclampsia_Toxemia_2
PX101301070202 During that pregnancy, did you ever develop more
Preeclampsia/Toxemia? show less
N/A
PX101301_Pregnancy_Related_Complications_1
PX101301070104 During that pregnancy, did you ever develop more
Any other pregnancy-related complications? show less
Variable Mapping
PX101301_Pregnancy_Related_Complications_2
PX101301070204 During that pregnancy, did you ever develop more
Any other pregnancy-related complications? show less
N/A
PX101301_Pregnancy_Specify_1
PX101301020102 Specify your (1st, 2nd, etc.) pregnancy. N/A
PX101301_Pregnancy_Specify_2
PX101301020202 Specify your (1st, 2nd, etc.) pregnancy. N/A
PX101301_Receive_Help_Alcohol_Drug_Problem
PX101301150000 During this pregnancy, did you receive help more
with an alcohol or drug problem? show less
N/A
Reproductive Health
Measure Name

Reproductive History

Release Date

February 26, 2010

Definition

Question to assess both males’ and females’ pregnancy history. Females are asked about the number of pregnancies, description of pregnancies, and smoking during pregnancy. Males are asked whether they have ever fathered a pregnancy and, if so, the description of the pregnancy.

Purpose

The purpose of this measure is to assess the demonstrated fecundity and fertility of the individual. This measure can also be used for estimating certain in utero exposures if the research subject is an infant.

Keywords

Reproductive health, pregnancy history, pregnancy outcomes, Women’s Interview Study of Health, WISH, Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, PRAMS, Longitudinal Investigation of Fertility and the Environment Study, LIFE Study

Measure Protocols
Protocol ID Protocol Name
101301 Reproductive History - Female
101302 Reproductive History - Male
Publications

Merz, E. C., et al. (2018) Socioeconomic Status, Amygdala Volume, and Internalizing Symptoms in Children and Adolescents. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2018 March; 47(2): 312-323. doi: 10.1080/15374416.2017.1326122