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Protocol - Emotional State - Adult

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Description

The Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule-Expanded Form (PANAS X) is a 60-item scale used to measure the respondent’s emotions during the past few weeks.

Specific Instructions

The Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule-Expanded Form (PANAS X) scale and scoring are available on the University of Iowa’s Department of Psychology website. The scale is copyrighted by Dr. David Watson and Dr. Lee Anna Clark. Permission to reproduce the instrument is granted for noncommercial applications only; any commercial use would require the express written permission of the copyright holders.

Dr. Watson and Dr. Clark are professors in the Department of Psychology at the University of Notre Dame.

Availability

Available

Protocol

The PANAS-X scale includes 60 items that are grouped into the following four subgroups and subscales: general dimension scales (negative affect, positive affect), basic negative emotion scales (fear, hostility, guilt, sadness), basic positive emotion scales (joviality, self-assurance, attentiveness), and other affective states (shyness, fatigue, serenity, surprise).

The respondent is asked to read several words and phrases which describe feelings and emotions and enter a number that corresponds to the value on a scale. The 5-item scale ranges from "very slightly or not at all," with a value of 1, to "extremely," with a value of 5.

Personnel and Training Required

None

Equipment Needs

None

Requirements
Requirement CategoryRequired
Major equipment No
Specialized training No
Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection No
Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual No
Mode of Administration

Self-administered questionnaire

Lifestage

Adult

Participants

Ages 18 years and older

Selection Rationale

The Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule-Expanded Form (PANAS-X) are well-known and commonly used psychometric measures. Internal consistency is high for both the positive and negative scales (Cronbach’s alpha is between 0.83 and 0.90).

Language

Chinese, English

Standards
StandardNameIDSource
Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) Emotional state - adult proto 62923-8 LOINC
Human Phenotype Ontology Abnormal emotion/affect behavior HP:0100851 HPO
caDSR Form PhenX PX180501 - Emotional State Adult Protocol 6195480 caDSR Form
Derived Variables

None

Process and Review

Expert Review Panel 4 (ERP 4) reviewed the measures in the Neurology, Psychiatric, and Psychosocial domains.

Guidance from ERP 4 included the following:

· No changes

Protocol Name from Source

The Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule-Expanded Form (PANAS-X)

Source

Watson, D., & Clark, L. A. (1999). The PANAS-X: Manual for the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule-Expanded Form. Iowa City, IA: University of Iowa. http://www2.psychology.uiowa.edu/Faculty/Clark/PANAS-X.pdf

General References

Watson, D., & Naragon-Gainey, K. (2010). On the specificity of positive emotional dysfunction in psychopathology: Evidence from the mood and anxiety disorders and schizophrenia/schizotypy. Clinical Psychology Review, 30, 839-848.

Protocol ID

180501

Variables
Export Variables
Variable Name Variable IDVariable DescriptiondbGaP Mapping
PX180501_Active
PX180501030000 active Variable Mapping
PX180501_Afraid
PX180501100000 afraid N/A
PX180501_Alert
PX180501380000 alert Variable Mapping
PX180501_Alone
PX180501340000 alone N/A
PX180501_Amazed
PX180501180000 amazed N/A
PX180501_Angry
PX180501460000 angry Variable Mapping
PX180501_Angry_At_Self
PX180501040000 angry at self N/A
PX180501_Ashamed
PX180501470000 ashamed N/A
PX180501_Astonished
PX180501360000 proud N/A
PX180501_Attentive
PX180501090000 attentive Variable Mapping
PX180501_At_Ease
PX180501510000 at ease N/A
PX180501_Bashful
PX180501130000 bashful N/A
PX180501_Blameworthy
PX180501240000 blameworthy N/A
PX180501_Blue
PX180501540000 blue Variable Mapping
PX180501_Bold
PX180501500000 bold Variable Mapping
PX180501_Calm
PX180501060000 calm Variable Mapping
PX180501_Cheerful
PX180501010000 cheerful Variable Mapping
PX180501_Concentrating
PX180501560000 concentrating N/A
PX180501_Confident
PX180501480000 confident Variable Mapping
PX180501_Daring
PX180501210000 daring N/A
PX180501_Delighted
PX180501450000 delighted N/A
PX180501_Determined
PX180501280000 determined N/A
PX180501_Disgusted
PX180501570000 disgusted N/A
PX180501_Disgusted_With_Self
PX180501050000 disgusted with self N/A
PX180501_Dissatisfied_With_Self
PX180501600000 Dissatisfied with self N/A
PX180501_Distressed
PX180501200000 distressed N/A
PX180501_Downhearted
PX180501120000 Downhearted N/A
PX180501_Drowsy
PX180501590000 drowsy Variable Mapping
PX180501_Energetic
PX180501520000 energetic Variable Mapping
PX180501_Enthusiastic
PX180501080000 Enthusiastic N/A
PX180501_Excited
PX180501270000 excited N/A
PX180501_Fearless
PX180501530000 fearless N/A
PX180501_Frightened
PX180501320000 frightened Variable Mapping
PX180501_Guilty
PX180501070000 guilty Variable Mapping
PX180501_Happy
PX180501260000 happy Variable Mapping
PX180501_Hostile
PX180501310000 hostile N/A
PX180501_Inspired
PX180501490000 inspired N/A
PX180501_Interested
PX180501400000 interested N/A
PX180501_Irritable
PX180501410000 irritable Variable Mapping
PX180501_Jittery
PX180501390000 jittery Variable Mapping
PX180501_Joyful
PX180501110000 joyful Variable Mapping
PX180501_Lively
PX180501430000 lively Variable Mapping
PX180501_Loathing
PX180501440000 loathing N/A
PX180501_Lonely
PX180501190000 lonely Variable Mapping
PX180501_Nervous
PX180501150000 nervous Variable Mapping
PX180501_Proud
PX180501350000 proud N/A
PX180501_Relaxed
PX180501370000 relaxed Variable Mapping
PX180501_Sad
PX180501020000 sad Variable Mapping
PX180501_Scared
PX180501550000 scared Variable Mapping
PX180501_Scornful
PX180501330000 scornful N/A
PX180501_Shaky
PX180501220000 shaky Variable Mapping
PX180501_Sheepish
PX180501160000 sheepish N/A
PX180501_Shy
PX180501580000 shy N/A
PX180501_Sleepy
PX180501230000 sleepy N/A
PX180501_Sluggish
PX180501170000 sluggish Variable Mapping
PX180501_Strong
PX180501290000 strong Variable Mapping
PX180501_Surprised
PX180501250000 surprised N/A
PX180501_Timid
PX180501300000 timid Variable Mapping
PX180501_Tired
PX180501140000 tired Variable Mapping
PX180501_Upset
PX180501420000 upset Variable Mapping
Psychosocial
Measure Name

Emotional State

Release Date

December 13, 2010

Definition

This measure assesses positive and negative aspects of a person’s mood.

Purpose

The Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) measures the two broadest dimensions of emotional state (positive and negative affect). PANAS also includes subscales used to measure more specific emotions within these broad groupings. Positive affect and negative affect have been associated with mental health problems such as depression and anxiety.

Keywords

mood, feelings, emotions, anxiety, depression, stress, proprietary

Measure Protocols
Protocol ID Protocol Name
180501 Emotional State - Adult
180502 Emotional State - Child
Publications

Hobkirk, A. L., et al. (2018) Income as a moderator of psychological stress and nicotine dependence among adult smokers. Addict Behav. 2018 September; 84: 215-223. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.04.021