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Protocol - Caffeine Intake

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Description

These self-administered questions can be used to inquire about the frequency of an individual’s consumption of beverages containing caffeine. Various time frames, ranging from once per month to six or more times per day, are arrayed on the response card for the respondent to use in assessing caffeine intake. The protocol also includes scoring procedures to convert an individual’s responses to an estimate of caffeine intake in milligrams.

Specific Instructions

None

Availability

Available

Protocol

Supplemental Beverage Questions

HOW OFTEN DID YOU DRINK THE BEVERAGE? (MARK ONE)

AMOUNT

Never or less than once per month

1 - 3 per month

1 per week

2 - 4 per week

5 - 6 per week

1 per day

2 - 3 per day

4 - 5 per day

6+ per day

Medium serving Size

Your Serving Size

S

M

L

Decaffeinated coffee (Instant & brewed)

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

1 Cup (8 oz)

О

О

О

Instant coffee, not decaffeinated (Including flavored types)

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

1 Cup (8 oz)

О

О

О

Brewed coffee, not decaffeinated

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

1 Cup (8 oz)

О

О

О

Decaffeinated espresso and espresso drinks (Latte, Mocha, Americano)

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

1 Shot of espresso

О

О

О

Espresso and espresso drinks, not decaffeinated (Latte, Mocha, Americano)

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

1 Shot of espresso

О

О

О

Herbal or decaffeinated tea (Instant, bottled, and brewed)

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

1 Cup (8 oz)

О

О

О

Green tea (Not decaffeinated-instant, bottled, and brewed)

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

1 Cup (8 oz)

О

О

О

Black tea such as Lipton®, or Earl Grey (Not decaffeinated-instant, bottled, and brewed)

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

Ο

О

1 Cup (8 oz)

О

О

О

Jolt®, Surge®, Mountain Dew®, Red Bull® and other highly caffeinated sodas

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

1 Can (12 oz)

О

О

О

Regular colas and root beer (With caffeine, not diet)

О

О

О

Ο

О

Ο

Ο

О

О

1 Can (12 oz)

О

О

О

Diet colas and diet root beer (With caffeine)

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

1 Can (12 oz)

О

О

О

Regular colas and root beer (Caffeine free, not diet)

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

1 Can (12 oz)

О

О

О

Diet colas and diet root beer (Caffeine free)

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

О

1 Can (12 oz)

О

О

О

Scoring Procedure: The first phase of processing is to calculate the number of annual servings for each Beverage Questionnaire item. This is done by multiplying the reported frequency by the reported portion size. For example, a participant reporting a frequency of 5-6 per week and a portion size of Large for the beverage item "Espresso and espresso drinks, not decaffeinated" would be assigned 414 annual servings of "Espresso and espresso drinks, not decaffeinated." That represents 276 annual servings for 5-6 per week (see Table 1 for beverage frequencies) multiplied by 1.5 for Large (see Table 2 for portion size below).

Table 1. Formats for beverage frequencies

Code

Label

Serving Ratio

1

1 per week

52

2

2 to 4 per week

144

3

5 to 6 per week

276

4

1 per day

365

5

2 to 3 per day

852

6

4 to 5 per day

1,560

7

6+ per day

2,190

Table 2. Formats for beverage portion size

Code

Label

Serving Ratio

1

S

0.5

2

M

1.0

3

L

1.5

Caffeine Database The second phase of processing involves calculating annual caffeine consumed. For each beverage item the annual servings are multiplied by the single serving caffeine data for that food item, which is found in the caffeine database. Each record in the caffeine database represents the caffeine content of a single serving of a single food item. For example, when calculating annual caffeine consumed for "Espresso and espresso drinks, not decaffeinated," the caffeine value is multiplied by the annual servings for "Espresso and espresso drinks, not decaffeinated" (arrived at in the first phase), and divided by 365, resulting in the average daily intake of caffeine for "Espresso and espresso drinks, not decaffeinated."

Beverage Item

Amount

Caffeine (mg)

Decaffeinated coffee (instant & brewed)

1 cup

2.51

Instant coffee, not decaffeinated (including flavored types)

1 cup

75.41

Brewed coffee, not decaffeinated

1 cup

137.34

Decaffeinated espresso and espresso drinks

1.5 oz or 1 shot of espresso

0.73

Espresso and espresso drinks (Latte, Mocha, Americano)

1.5 oz. or 1 shot of espresso

51.50

Herbal or decaffeinated tea (Instant, bottled, and brewed)

1 cup

0

Green tea (Not decaffeinated-instant, bottled, and brewed)

1 cup

47.36

Black tea such as Lipton®, or Early Grey (Not decaffeinated-instant, bottled, and brewed)

1 cup

37.80

Jolt®, Surge®, Mountain Dew®, Red Bull® and other highly caffeinated sodas

1 can, 12 fl.Oz.

71.68

Regular colas and root beer (With caffeine, not diet)

1 can, 12 fl.Oz.

37.16

Diet colas and diet root beer (With caffeine)

1 can, 12 fl.Oz.

49.73

Regular colas and root beer (Caffeine free, not diet)

1 can, 12 fl.Oz.

0

Diet colas and diet root beer (Caffeine free)

1 can, 12 fl.OZ

0

Lipton® is a registered trademark, Unilever United States, Inc.; Jolt® is a registered trademark, Wet Planet Beverages; Surge® is a registered trademark, The Coca-Cola Company; Mountain Dew® is a registered trademark, PepsiCo, Inc.; Red Bull® is a registered trademark, Red Bull GmbH.


Personnel and Training Required

None

Equipment Needs

None

Requirements
Requirement CategoryRequired
Major equipment No
Specialized training No
Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection No
Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual No
Mode of Administration

Self-administered questionnaire

Lifestage

Adult, Senior

Participants

An individual aged 18 years or older

Selection Rationale

The Working Group felt it was important to include a protocol to measure caffeine intake and specific sources due to the increased consumption of caffeinated beverages.

Language

Chinese, English

Standards
StandardNameIDSource
Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) PhenX - caffeine protocol 62280-3 LOINC
caDSR Form PhenX PX050301 - Caffeine Intake 5849655 caDSR Form
Derived Variables

None

Process and Review

The Expert Review Panel #1 reviewed the measures in the Anthropometrics, Diabetes, Physical Activity and Physical Fitness, and Nutrition and Dietary Supplements domains.

Guidance from the ERP includes:

• No significant changes to measure

Back-compatible: no changes to Data Dictionary

Previous version in Toolkit archive (link)

Protocol Name from Source

Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Caffeine Questionnaire, 2004

Source

Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. (2004). Caffeine questionnaire. Retrieved from http://sharedresources.fhcrc.org/documents/caffeine-questionnaire

General References

Song, J. Y., Kristal, A. R., Wicklund, K. G., Cushing-Haugen, K. L., & Rossing, M. (2008). Coffee, tea, colas, and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention, 17(3), 712-716.

Drea, J., & da Costa, T. (2005). Is coffee a functional food? British Journal of Nutrition, 93(6), 773-782.

Protocol ID

50301

Variables
Export Variables
Variable Name Variable IDVariable DescriptiondbGaP Mapping
PX050301_Black_Tea_Frequency
PX050301080100 HOW OFTEN DID YOU DRINK Black tea such as more
Lipton, or Earl Grey (Not decaffeinated-instant, bottled, and brewed)? (MARK ONE) show less
N/A
PX050301_Black_Tea_Quantity
PX050301080200 What is your serving size for Black tea such more
as Lipton, or Earl Grey (Not decaffeinated-instant, bottled, and brewed)? show less
N/A
PX050301_Brewed_Coffee_Frequency
PX050301030100 HOW OFTEN DID YOU DRINK Brewed coffee, not more
decaffeinated? (MARK ONE) show less
Variable Mapping
PX050301_Brewed_Coffee_Quantity
PX050301030200 What is your serving size for Brewed coffee, more
not decaffeinated? show less
Variable Mapping
PX050301_Decaf_Coffee_Frequency
PX050301010100 HOW OFTEN DID YOU DRINK Decaffeinated coffee more
(Instant & brewed)? (MARK ONE) show less
Variable Mapping
PX050301_Decaf_Coffee_Quantity
PX050301010200 What is your serving size for Decaffeinated more
coffee (Instant & brewed)? show less
N/A
PX050301_Decaf_Espresso_Frequency
PX050301040100 HOW OFTEN DID YOU DRINK Decaffeinated more
espresso and espresso drinks (Latte, Mocha, Americano)? (MARK ONE) show less
N/A
PX050301_Decaf_Espresso_Quantity
PX050301040200 What is your serving size for Decaffeinated more
espresso and espresso drinks (Latte, Mocha, Americano)? show less
N/A
PX050301_Decaf_Tea_Frequency
PX050301060100 HOW OFTEN DID YOU DRINK Herbal or more
decaffeinated tea (Instant, bottled, and brewed)? (MARK ONE) show less
Variable Mapping
PX050301_Decaf_Tea_Quantity
PX050301060200 What is your serving size for Herbal or more
decaffeinated tea (Instant, bottled, and brewed)? show less
Variable Mapping
PX050301_Diet_Cola_Caffeine_Free_Frequency
PX050301130100 HOW OFTEN DID YOU DRINK Diet colas and diet more
root beer (Caffeine free)? (MARK ONE) show less
Variable Mapping
PX050301_Diet_Cola_Caffeine_Free_Quantity
PX050301130200 What is your serving size for Diet colas and more
diet root beer (Caffeine free)? show less
N/A
PX050301_Diet_Cola_Frequency
PX050301110100 HOW OFTEN DID YOU DRINK Diet colas and diet more
root beer (With caffeine)? (MARK ONE) show less
Variable Mapping
PX050301_Diet_Cola_Quantity
PX050301110200 What is your serving size for Diet colas and more
diet root beer (With caffeine)? show less
N/A
PX050301_Espresso_Frequency
PX050301050100 HOW OFTEN DID YOU DRINK Espresso and more
espresso drinks, not decaffeinated (Latte, Mocha, Americano)? (MARK ONE) show less
Variable Mapping
PX050301_Espresso_Quantity
PX050301050200 What is your serving size for Espresso and more
espresso drinks, not decaffeinated (Latte, Mocha, Americano)? show less
N/A
PX050301_Green_Tea_Frequency
PX050301070100 HOW OFTEN DID YOU DRINK Green tea (Not more
decaffeinated-instant, bottled, and brewed)? (MARK ONE) show less
Variable Mapping
PX050301_Green_Tea_Quantity
PX050301070200 What is your serving size for Green tea (Not more
decaffeinated-instant, bottled, and brewed)? show less
N/A
PX050301_High_Caffeine_Soda_Frequency
PX050301090100 HOW OFTEN DID YOU DRINK Jolt, Surge, more
Mountain Dew, Red Bull and other highly caffeinated sodas? (MARK ONE) show less
N/A
PX050301_High_Caffeine_Soda_Quantity
PX050301090200 What is your serving size for Jolt, Surge, more
Mountain Dew, Red Bull and other highly caffeinated sodas? show less
N/A
PX050301_Instant_Coffee_Frequency
PX050301020100 HOW OFTEN DID YOU DRINK Instant coffee, not more
decaffeinated (Including flavored types)? (MARK ONE) show less
Variable Mapping
PX050301_Instant_Coffee_Quantity
PX050301020200 What is your serving size for Instant more
coffee, not decaffeinated (Including flavored types)? show less
N/A
PX050301_Regular_Cola_Caffeine_Free_Frequency
PX050301120100 HOW OFTEN DID YOU DRINK Regular colas and more
root beer (Caffeine free, not diet)? (MARK ONE) show less
Variable Mapping
PX050301_Regular_Cola_Caffeine_Free_Quantity
PX050301120200 What is your serving size for Regular colas more
and root beer (Caffeine free, not diet)? show less
N/A
PX050301_Regular_Cola_Frequency
PX050301100100 HOW OFTEN DID YOU DRINK Regular colas and more
root beer (With caffeine, not diet)? (MARK ONE) show less
Variable Mapping
PX050301_Regular_Cola_Quantity
PX050301100200 What is your serving size for Regular colas more
and root beer (With caffeine, not diet)? show less
N/A
Nutrition and Dietary Supplements
Measure Name

Caffeine Intake

Release Date

October 30, 2009

Definition

A measure to estimate an individual’s caffeine intake.

Purpose

There are functional and health effects associated with caffeine consumption. Some of these effects include promoting enhanced energy expenditure for weight loss, slowing early memory loss, keeping alert, and preventing fatigue. Epidemiological and experimental studies have shown positive effects associated with caffeine consumption, especially from regular coffee drinking, on various aspects of health, such as psychoactive responses (alertness, mood change), neurological (infant hyperactivity, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases) and metabolic disorders (diabetes, gallstones, liver cirrhosis), and gonad and liver function.

Keywords

Nutrition and Dietary Supplements

Measure Protocols
Protocol ID Protocol Name
50301 Caffeine Intake
Publications

Anderson, A. J., et al. (2017) Poor Consumption of Fiber, not fat, is Associated with Active Disease in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Gastroenterology. 2017 April; 152(5 S1): S365. doi: 10.1016/S0016-5085(17)31474-9