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Protocol - Decision Making (Iowa Gambling Task) - Child

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Description

The child version of the Iowa Gambling Test™, developed by Garon and Moore (2004), is an interviewer-administered task originally given to children aged 3-6. The participant selects one card at a time from four decks. Participants are instructed that each card selected will result in winning candy, with some cards also taking candy away. The goal of the task is to accumulate as much candy as possible. Several summary scores can be calculated, including total candy won and difference between advantageous and disadvantageous selections.

For more information about the Iowa Gambling Test™, please refer to the Cognitive Atlas Interpretation.

Specific Instructions

None

Availability

Available

Protocol

Summary of the Child Version of the Iowa Gambling Test™ Developed by Garon and Moore (2004)

Participants are given a starting loan of 15 pieces of candy and then instructed that the goal of the task is to win as much candy as possible by drawing cards one at a time from four separate decks. All cards reward the participant with candy, while some both give and take away candy from the participant. Two of the decks are "disadvantageous" resulting in an equivalent net loss in the long run, while the other two decks are "advantageous" resulting in an equivalent net gain over time.

To account for the developing mental capabilities of children instead of adults, the child version of the Iowa Gambling Test™ limits the length of the test to 40 card choices (instead of 100) and varies rewards and contingencies over five card blocks (instead of 10 card blocks). Additionally, the child version includes a four question awareness test at the end to determine whether the child knew what was occurring during the test (i.e., which decks are "good" to choose from and why, which decks are "bad" to choose from and why).

Scoring

Several summary scores can be derived, including total amount of candy won, total number of cards selected from each deck, and the total scores from the awareness portion of the test (see Garon & Moore, 2004, for more details).

The Iowa Gambling Test™ is a trademark of PAR, Inc.

Personnel and Training Required

The child version of the Iowa Gambling Test™ can be administered by research assistants trained in the ethical and competent use of psychological tests. Investigators are encouraged to have quality control procedures in place to maintain consistency among examiners.

Equipment Needs

Examiners will need to fabricate four decks of cards according to the rules developed by Garon and Moore (2004), a score sheet to record the participant’s choices, and candy to give as rewards.

Requirements
Requirement CategoryRequired
Major equipment No
Specialized training No
Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection No
Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual No
Mode of Administration

Interviewer-administered evaluation

Lifestage

Toddler, Child

Participants

Children aged 3-6 years

Selection Rationale

This decision-making protocol developed by Garon and Moore (2004) is based on The Iowa Gambling Test™, a well-known test of poor decision making, in which users of alcohol, cocaine, opiates, and marijuana users have been shown to perform more poorly than controls. Furthermore, the Iowa Gambling Test™ was originally developed for patients with lesions in the prefrontal cortex, an area of the brain known to be involved in addiction disorders.

Language

English

Standards
StandardNameIDSource
Human Phenotype Ontology Risk taking HP:0031472 HPO
caDSR Form PhenX PX530201 - Decision Making Iowa Gambling Task Child 6227141 caDSR Form
Derived Variables

None

Process and Review

The Expert Review Panel #3 (ERP 3) reviewed the measures in Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Substances, and Substance Abuse and Addiction domains.

Guidance from ERP 3 includes:

• No significant changes to measure

Back-compatible: NA no changes to Data Dictionary

Protocol Name from Source

Iowa Gambling Test™ - Child version, 2004

Source

Garon, N., & Moore, C. (2004). Complex decision-making in early childhood. Brain and Cognition, 55(1), 158-170.

General References

Bechara, A., Damasio, A. R., Damasio, H., & Anderson, S. W. (1994). Insensitivity to future consequences following damage to human prefrontal cortex. Cognition, 50(1-3), 7-15.

Bechara, A., Tranel, D., & Damasio, H. (2000). Characterization of the decision-making deficit of patients with ventromedial prefrontal cortex lesions. Brain, 123, 2189-2202.

Bowman, C. H., & Turnbull, O. H. (2003). Real versus facsimile reinforcers on the Iowa gambling task. Brain and Cognition, 53, 207-210.

Buelow, M. T., & Suhr, J. A. (2009). Construct validity of the Iowa Gambling Task. Neuropsychology Review, 19(1), 102-114.

Protocol ID

530201

Variables
Export Variables
Variable Name Variable IDVariable DescriptiondbGaP Mapping
PX530201_Best_Deck_To_Pick_From
PX530201430000 Now that we are done with the game, which more
deck was the best to pick from? show less
N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_1
PX530201030100 Deck card 1 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_10
PX530201120100 Deck card 10 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_11
PX530201130100 Deck card 11 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_12
PX530201140100 Deck card 12 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_13
PX530201150100 Deck card 13 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_14
PX530201160100 Deck card 14 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_15
PX530201170100 Deck card 15 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_16
PX530201180100 Deck card 16 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_17
PX530201190100 Deck card 17 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_18
PX530201200100 Deck card 18 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_19
PX530201210100 Deck card 19 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_2
PX530201040100 Deck card 2 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_20
PX530201220100 Deck card 20 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_21
PX530201230100 Deck card 21 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_22
PX530201240100 Deck card 22 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_23
PX530201250100 Deck card 23 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_24
PX530201260100 Deck card 24 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_25
PX530201270100 Deck card 25 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_26
PX530201280100 Deck card 26 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_27
PX530201290100 Deck card 27 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_28
PX530201300100 Deck card 28 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_29
PX530201310100 Deck card 29 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_3
PX530201050100 Deck card 3 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_30
PX530201320100 Deck card 30 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_31
PX530201330100 Deck card 31 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_32
PX530201340100 Deck card 32 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_33
PX530201350100 Deck card 33 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_34
PX530201360100 Deck card 34 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_35
PX530201370100 Deck card 35 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_36
PX530201380100 Deck card 36 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_37
PX530201390100 Deck card 37 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_38
PX530201400100 Deck card 38 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_39
PX530201410100 Deck card 39 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_4
PX530201060100 Deck card 4 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_40
PX530201420100 Deck card 40 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_5
PX530201070100 Deck card 5 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_6
PX530201080100 Deck card 6 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_7
PX530201090100 Deck card 7 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_8
PX530201100100 Deck card 8 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Deck_Chosen_Card_9
PX530201110100 Deck card 9 was chosen from N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card1
PX530201030300 Number of candies lost with card 1. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card10
PX530201120300 Number of candies lost with card 10. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card11
PX530201130300 Number of candies lost with card 11. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card12
PX530201140300 Number of candies lost with card 12. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card13
PX530201150300 Number of candies lost with card 13. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card14
PX530201160300 Number of candies lost with card 14. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card15
PX530201170300 Number of candies lost with card 15. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card16
PX530201180300 Number of candies lost with card 16. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card17
PX530201190300 Number of candies lost with card 17. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card18
PX530201200300 Number of candies lost with card 18. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card19
PX530201210300 Number of candies lost with card 19. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card2
PX530201040300 Number of candies lost with card 2. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card20
PX530201220300 Number of candies lost with card 20. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card21
PX530201230300 Number of candies lost with card 21. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card22
PX530201240300 Number of candies lost with card 22. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card23
PX530201250300 Number of candies lost with card 23. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card24
PX530201260300 Number of candies lost with card 24. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card25
PX530201270300 Number of candies lost with card 25. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card26
PX530201280300 Number of candies lost with card 26. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card27
PX530201290300 Number of candies lost with card 27. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card28
PX530201300300 Number of candies lost with card 28. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card29
PX530201310300 Number of candies lost with card 29. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card3
PX530201050300 Number of candies lost with card 3. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card30
PX530201320300 Number of candies lost with card 30. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card31
PX530201330300 Number of candies lost with card 31. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card32
PX530201340300 Number of candies lost with card 32. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card33
PX530201350300 Number of candies lost with card 33. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card34
PX530201360300 Number of candies lost with card 34. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card35
PX530201370300 Number of candies lost with card 35. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card36
PX530201380300 Number of candies lost with card 36. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card37
PX530201390300 Number of candies lost with card 37. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card38
PX530201400300 Number of candies lost with card 38. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card39
PX530201410300 Number of candies lost with card 39. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card4
PX530201060300 Number of candies lost with card 4. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card40
PX530201420300 Number of candies lost with card 40. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card5
PX530201070300 Number of candies lost with card 5. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card6
PX530201080300 Number of candies lost with card 6. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card7
PX530201090300 Number of candies lost with card 7. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card8
PX530201100300 Number of candies lost with card 8. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Lost_Card9
PX530201110300 Number of candies lost with card 9. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card1
PX530201030200 Number of candies won with card 1. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card10
PX530201120200 Number of candies won with card 10. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card11
PX530201130200 Number of candies won with card 11. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card12
PX530201140200 Number of candies won with card 12. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card13
PX530201150200 Number of candies won with card 13. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card14
PX530201160200 Number of candies won with card 14. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card15
PX530201170200 Number of candies won with card 15. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card16
PX530201180200 Number of candies won with card 16. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card17
PX530201190200 Number of candies won with card 17. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card18
PX530201200200 Number of candies won with card 18. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card19
PX530201210200 Number of candies won with card 19. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card2
PX530201040200 Number of candies won with card 2. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card20
PX530201220200 Number of candies won with card 20. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card21
PX530201230200 Number of candies won with card 21. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card22
PX530201240200 Number of candies won with card 22. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card23
PX530201250200 Number of candies won with card 23. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card24
PX530201260200 Number of candies won with card 24. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card25
PX530201270200 Number of candies won with card 25. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card26
PX530201280200 Number of candies won with card 26. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card27
PX530201290200 Number of candies won with card 27. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card28
PX530201300200 Number of candies won with card 28. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card29
PX530201310200 Number of candies won with card 29. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card3
PX530201050200 Number of candies won with card 3. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card30
PX530201320200 Number of candies won with card 30. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card31
PX530201330200 Number of candies won with card 31. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card32
PX530201340200 Number of candies won with card 32. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card33
PX530201350200 Number of candies won with card 33. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card34
PX530201360200 Number of candies won with card 34. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card35
PX530201370200 Number of candies won with card 35. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card36
PX530201380200 Number of candies won with card 36. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card37
PX530201390200 Number of candies won with card 37. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card38
PX530201400200 Number of candies won with card 38. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card39
PX530201410200 Number of candies won with card 39. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card4
PX530201060200 Number of candies won with card 4. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card40
PX530201420200 Number of candies won with card 40. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card5
PX530201070200 Number of candies won with card 5. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card6
PX530201080200 Number of candies won with card 6. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card7
PX530201090200 Number of candies won with card 7. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card8
PX530201100200 Number of candies won with card 8. N/A
PX530201_Number_Candies_Won_Card9
PX530201110200 Number of candies won with card 9. N/A
PX530201_Participant_Understands_The_Rules
PX530201010000 Participant understands the rules of the game. N/A
PX530201_Participant_Wants_To_Play
PX530201000000 Participant wants to play the game. N/A
PX530201_Why_Best_To_Pick_From
PX530201440000 Why do you think this was the best to pick from? N/A
PX530201_Why_Worst_To_Pick_From
PX530201460000 Why do you think this was the worst to pick from? N/A
PX530201_Worst_Deck_To_Pick_From
PX530201450000 Which deck was the worst to pick from? N/A
Substance Use-related Neurobehavioral and Cognitive Risk Factors
Measure Name

Decision Making (Iowa Gambling Task)

Release Date

February 24, 2012

Definition

This measure assesses the degree to which subjects can learn and adapt behavior to avoid punished responses in order to maximize benefits from a series of decisions.

Purpose

Substance users and substance-dependent individuals are known to have poor decision-making skills (Buelow & Suhr, 2009). Because decision-making skills develop during childhood and adolescence and continue into adulthood, this measure can be used to predict the emergence of potential new risk behaviors such as substance use.

Keywords

Adult, Child, Decision Making, Drug Abuse, drug use, IGT, Iowa Gambling Test™, PAR, Inc., proprietary, risk, Risk Taking, substance abuse, substance use, SAA, Substance Use-related Neurobehavioral and Cognitive Risk Factors, computer administered

Measure Protocols
Protocol ID Protocol Name
530201 Decision Making (Iowa Gambling Task) - Child
530202 Decision Making (Iowa Gambling Task) - Adult
Publications

There are no publications listed for this protocol.