Protocol - Brain Connectivity and Activation
Description
This protocol includes recommended technical and analytical procedures for the consistent collection of task functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data based on commonly employed methods for assessment during cognitive functioning testing. These procedures include identification of key MRI acquisition parameters and critical elements of data preprocessing, as well as key interpretational issues.
Specific Instructions
Record the MRI platform on which the data will be collected.
Collect resting-state fMRI first, obtaining 24 minutes of total scanning with good data from 12-18 minutes post-resting state.
There are two recommended cognitive tasks to perform during scanning: AX-Continuous Performance Test (AX-CPT), from the PhenX measure Context Processing; and (2) Relational and Item-Specific Encoding task (RiSE), from the PhenX measure Relational Encoding and Retrieval. These assessments are the tasks to be performed after collecting the resting-state data, during the fMRI. These two tasks add another 15 minutes in the scanner.
The Context Processing measure, AX-CPT, is a computerized test, implemented in Eprime by the Cognitive Neuroscience Test Reliability and Clinical applications for Schizophrenia (CNTRACS) consortium, which evaluates goal maintenance in working memory. During AX-CPT, the subject views a series of cues and probe sequences (one at a time) and performs a button press indicating if the stimulus is the target or non-target. The four types of cue-probe combinations offered are AX, AY, BX, and BY, with AX being the only target (correct option). A total of 144 cue-probes are presented in four blocks of 36 with limited response windows. The majority of the cue-probes presented are AX, thus creating an expectancy for the subject to prepare a target response following a cue that is an A and to make a target response when a probe is an X.
The Relational Encoding and Retrieval measure, RiSE, is a computerized test, developed in Eprime, which evaluates item-specific encoding and relational encoding. The subject views visual objects (pictures) and responds yes/no to whether the objects are "living" (item-specific encoding). The subject then views pairs of visual objects and responds yes/no to whether or not one item can fit into the other (relational encoding). Then the subject views visual objects and indicates whether each object was "old" or "new," responding by way of confidence level high, medium, or low (item recognition). Lastly, the subject views pairs of visual objects and responds yes/no to whether or not the pairs were presented together in the relational encoding test (associative recognition).
Availability
Protocol
Properties
| Prio ReconBefore measurementAfter measurement | .......................................Off |
| Load to viewer | .......................................On |
| Inline movie | .......................................Off |
| Auto store images | .......................................On |
| Load to stamp segments | .......................................On |
| Load images to graphic segments | .......................................Off |
| Auto open inline display | .......................................On |
| Start measurement without further preparation | .......................................Off |
| Wait for user to start | .......................................On |
| Start measurements | .......................................single |
Routine
| Slice group 1 | |
| Slices | .......................................47 |
| Dist. Factor | .......................................0% |
| Position | .......................................R3.0 A3.0 H0.0 |
| Orientation | .......................................T > C-12.5 |
| Phase enc. dir. | .......................................A >> P |
| Rotation | .......................................0.00 deg |
| Phase oversampling | .......................................0% |
| FoV read | .......................................216 mm |
| FoV phase | .......................................100.0% |
| Slice thickness | .......................................3.00 mm |
| TR | .......................................3000 ms |
| TE | .......................................30 ms |
| Averages | .......................................1 |
| Concatenations | .......................................1 |
| Filter | .......................................Prescan Normalize |
| Coil elements | .......................................HEA;HEP |
Contrast
| MTC | .......................................Off |
| Flip angle | .......................................85 deg |
| Fat suppr. | .......................................Fat suppr. |
| Averaging mode | .......................................Long term |
| Reconstruction | .......................................Magnitude |
| Measurements | .......................................124 |
| Multiple series | .......................................Each measurement |
Resolution
| Base resolution | .......................................72 |
| Phase resolution | .......................................100% |
| Phase partial Fourier | .......................................Off |
| Interpolation | .......................................Off |
| PAT mode | .......................................None |
| Matrix Coil Mode | .......................................Auto (CP) |
| Distortion Corr. | .......................................Off |
| Unfiltered images | .......................................Off |
| Prescan Normalize | .......................................On |
| Raw filter | .......................................On |
| Elliptical filter | .......................................Off |
| Hamming | .......................................Off |
Geometry
| Multi-slice mode | .......................................Interleaved |
| Series | .......................................Interleaved |
| Special sat. | .......................................None |
System
| Body | .......................................Off |
| HEP | .......................................On |
| HEA | .......................................On |
| Positioning mode | .......................................REF |
| Table position | .......................................H |
| Table position | .......................................0 mm |
| MSMA | .......................................S - C - T |
| Sagittal | .......................................R >> L |
| Coronal | .......................................A >> P |
| Transversal | .......................................F >> H |
| Coil Combine Mode | .......................................Sum of Squares |
| AutoAlign | .......................................Head > Brain Atlas |
| Auto Coil Select | .......................................Off |
| Shim mode | .......................................Standard |
| Adjust with body coil | .......................................Off |
| Confirm freq. adjustment | .......................................Off |
| Assume Silicone | .......................................Off |
| ? Ref. amplitude 1H | .......................................0.000 V |
| Adjustment Tolerance | .......................................Auto |
| Adjust volume | |
| Position | .......................................R3.0 A3.0 H0.0 |
| Orientation | .......................................T > C-12.5 |
| Rotation | .......................................0.00 deg |
| R >> L | .......................................216 mm |
| A >> P | .......................................216 mm |
| F >> H | .......................................141 mm |
Physio
| 1st Signal/Mode | .......................................None |
BOLD
| GLM Statistics | .......................................Off |
| Dynamic t-maps | .......................................Off |
| Starting ignore meas | .......................................0 |
| Ignore after transition | .......................................0 |
| Model transition states | .......................................Off |
| Temp. highpass filter | .......................................Off |
| Threshold | .......................................4.00 |
| Paradigm size | .......................................3 |
| Meas[1] | .......................................Baseline |
| Meas[2] | .......................................Baseline |
| Meas[3] | .......................................Active |
| Motion correction | .......................................Off |
| Spatial filter | .......................................Off |
Sequence
| Introduction | .......................................Off |
| Bandwidth | .......................................2240 Hz/Px |
| Free echo spacing | .......................................Off |
| Echo spacing | .......................................0.51 ms |
| EPI factor | .......................................72 |
| RF pulse type | .......................................Normal |
| Gradient mode | .......................................Fast |
| Dummy Scans | .......................................0 |
| FFT Scale Factor | .......................................1.00 |
Personnel and Training Required
All sites collecting fMRI data must have a PhD level MR physicist on site for implementation, assistance with acquisition (not required to be present at every scan, but required for ongoing QC and monitoring) and data analysis. The functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technician collecting data should be trained in the administration of functional and structural MRI scans with respect to positioning and instructing the subject (e.g., not to move), running the scanner console and assessing whether appropriate data were collected.
Please see the individual neurocognitive assessment protocols for their specific personnel training requirements.
Equipment Needs
Task functional magnetic resonance imaging (task fMRI) requires a 3T or higher field strength MRI scanner.
Requirements
| Requirement Category | Required |
|---|---|
| Major equipment | Yes |
| Specialized training | Yes |
| Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection | No |
| Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual | Yes |
Mode of Administration
Complex instrumentation-based assessment
Lifestage
Adolescent, Adult
Participants
Adolescents and adults, ages 12 and older
Selection Rationale
Task functional magnetic resonance imaging (task fMRI) provides unique and valuable information about brain activation and connectivity in early psychosis.
Collecting data from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during task performance helps identify dysfunctional neural circuits in schizophrenia.
Please see the individual neurocognitive assessment protocols for their specific selection criteria.
Language
English
Standards
| Standard | Name | ID | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| caDSR Form | PhenX PX662601 - Brain Connectivity And Activation | 6930564 | caDSR Form |
Derived Variables
None
Process and Review
N/A - for External Review Panel
Protocol Name from Source
Ragland, J.D., et al. Functional and neuroanatomic specificity of episodic memory dysfunction in schizophrenia: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of the relational and item-specific encoding task. JAMA Psychiatry, 2015
Source
Ragland, J.D., Ranganath, C., Harms, M.P, Barch, D.M., Gold, J.M., Layher, E, Lesh, T.A. …, Carter, C.S. (2015). Functional and neuroanatomic specificity of episodic memory dysfunction in schizophrenia: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of the relational and item-specific encoding task. JAMA Psychiatry, 72(9), 909-916.
General References
Lopez-Garcia, P., Lesh, T. A., Salo, T., Barch, D. M., MacDonald, A. W., III, Gold, J. M., Ragland, J. D., Strauss, M., Silverstein, S. M., & Carter C. S. (2016). The neural circuitry supporting goal maintenance during cognitive control: A comparison of expectancy AX-CPT and dot probe expectancy paradigms. Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience, 16(1), 164-175. doi:10.3758/s13415-015-0384-1
Poppe, A. B., Barch, D. M., Carter, C. S., Gold, J. M., Ragland, J. D., Silverstein, S. M., & MacDonald, A. W., III. (2016). Reduced frontoparietal activity in schizophrenia is linked to a specific deficit in goal maintenance: A multisite functional imaging study. Schizophrenia Bulletin. pii: sbw036. [Epub ahead of print]
Protocol ID
662601
Variables
Export Variables| Variable Name | Variable ID | Variable Description | dbGaP Mapping | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PX662601_Task_Functional_Magnetic_Resonance_Imaging_Image_ID | ||||
| PX662601020000 | task functional magnetic resonance imaging more | N/A | ||
| PX662601_Task_Functional_Magnetic_Resonance_Imaging_Machine_Model | ||||
| PX662601010000 | task functional magnetic resonance imaging more | N/A | ||
Measure Name
Brain Connectivity and Activation
Release Date
March 31, 2017
Definition
A measure for the standardized administration of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during task performance for research and clinical efforts.
Purpose
This measure can be used to assess brain activity by detecting changes in blood flow during a task when the brain is in use.
Keywords
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), Schizophrenia, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), neuroimaging, resting-state fMRI, task fMRI
Measure Protocols
| Protocol ID | Protocol Name |
|---|---|
| 662601 | Brain Connectivity and Activation |
Publications
There are no publications listed for this protocol.