Protocol - Social Norms about Tobacco - Adult

Description

This protocol uses a combination of questions from the 2011 International Tobacco Control (ITC) 4-Country Survey and the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Survey instruments. Collectively, the questions are used to assess social norms within the adult population by determining whether or not a respondent resides with one or more users of tobacco products; if most people’s and those most important to the respondent’s opinions of using tobacco are positive or negative; and the smoking status of five closest friends or acquaintances.

Specific Instructions

The WG recommends that investigators provide the descriptions and images included in the protocol text section of this data sheet to respondents while the questions are being administered.

In addition, the WG recommends that investigators consider clearly defining "tobacco products" by noting whether that definition includes or excludes certain types of related products based on these criteria: products that are intended for human consumption; made or derived from tobacco; typically contain nicotine, but sometimes do not; and are not Food and Drug Administration-approved tobacco-cessation products.

For Question 1, the Working Group recommends that the investigator include e-cigarettes as a response option.

Protocol

Electronic Cigarettes (E-Cigarettes)

Electronic cigarettes, often called e-cigarettes look like regular cigarettes, but are battery-powered and produce vapor instead of smoke. There are many types of e-cigarettes. Some common brands include NJOY^®, Blu™, and Smoking Everywhere.

Cigars

Traditional cigars, cigarillos, and filtered cigars go by lots of different names, so please use these descriptions and photos to understand what they are.

Traditional cigars contain tightly rolled tobacco that is wrapped in a tobacco leaf. Some common brands of cigars include Macanudo^®, Romeo y Julieta^®, and Arturo Fuente^®, but there are many others.

Cigarillos and filtered cigars are smaller than traditional cigars. They are usually brown. Some are the same size as cigarettes, and some come with plastic or wood tips. Some common brands are Black & Mild^®, Swisher Sweets^®, Dutch Masters^®, Phillies Blunts^®, Prime Time^®, and Winchester^®.

Pipe Tobacco

There are many different types of regular pipes. They all have a bowl that holds the tobacco and a stem.

Hookah and Shisha

A hookah is a type of water pipe. It is sometimes also called a "narghile" pipe. There are many types of hookahs. People often smoke tobacco in hookahs in groups at cafes or in hookah bars.

Smokeless Tobacco

Smokeless tobacco can be put in your mouth. Frequently you chew, suck or spit while using smokeless tobacco, although there is no need to do so for some types. Snus, for instance, is a type of smokeless tobacco that comes in a small pouch that you put inside your lip.

There are many kinds of smokeless tobacco, such as snus pouches, loose snus, moist snuff, dip, spit, and chewing tobacco. Common brands include Redman^®, Levi Garrett^®, Beechnut^®, Skoal^®, Grizzly^®, Nordic Ice^®, and Copenhagen^®.

Dissolvable Tobacco

Dissolvable tobacco products are not smoked-they are made of finely ground flavored tobacco that dissolves in your mouth.

Dissolvable tobacco products come in a variety of shapes, including small round pellets, thin sticks and flat strips. Some common brands are Ariva^®, Stonewall™, and Camel Orbs, Sticks, or Strips.

1. Does anyone who lives with you now do any of the following? Choose all that apply.

1 [ ] Smoke cigarettes

2 [ ] Use smokeless tobacco, such as chewing tobacco, snuff, dip, or snus

3 [ ] Smoke cigars, cigarillos, or filtered cigars

4 [ ] Use any other form of tobacco

5 [ ] No one who lives with me now uses any form of tobacco

-8[ ]Don’t know

-7[ ]Refused

2. Of the five closest friends or acquaintances that you spend time with on a regular basis, how many of them are smokers?

[ ] INSERT 0 to 5

3. Thinking about the people who are important to you, how would you describe their opinion on using tobacco?

1 [ ] Very positive

2 [ ] Positive

3 [ ] Neither positive nor negative

4 [ ] Negative

5 [ ] Very negative

4. How would you describe most people’s opinion of using tobacco?

1 [ ] Very positive

2 [ ] Positive

3 [ ] Neither positive nor negative

4 [ ] Negative

5 [ ] Very negative

Availability

Available

Download PDF

Personnel and Training Required

None.

Equipment Needs

None.

Requirements

Requirement Category	Required
Major equipment	No
Specialized training	No
Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection	No
Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual	No

Mode of Administration

Interviewer-administered questionnaire

Lifestage

Adult

Participants

Adults (18+)

Selection Rationale

The 2011 International Tobacco Control (ITC) 4-Country Survey is an international cohort study of tobacco use whose overall objective is to measure the psychosocial and behavioral impact of key national-level policies. This survey is being used in more than 20 countries.

The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study is a nationally representative, in-person longitudinal cohort study of non-users and users of tobacco products and those at risk for tobacco use across the United States. Respondents 12 years old and up are asked questions on tobacco use, attitudes, and health, and biospecimens (buccal cell, urine, and blood) are collected from adults. The PATH Study was implemented to provide an evidence base for assessing and monitoring the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s regulatory actions in meeting its mandate under the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act. Regulatory domains include product standards, new and modified risk products, health warnings, and health education campaigns.

Language

English, Other languages available at source

Standards

Standard	Name	ID	Source
caDSR Form	PhenX PX750301 - Social Norms About Tobacco - Adult	6891726	caDSR Form

Derived Variables

None

Process and Review

Not applicable.

Protocol Name from Source

Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, Wave 1, Adult Extended Interview 7.5

Source

International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project. (2011). International Tobacco Control (ITC) 4-Country Survey. Item 365.

National Institutes of Health (NIH), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2012). Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, Wave 1 Adult Extended Interview 7.5. Items AX0066, AX0071, AX0007.

General References

National Institutes of Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2013). Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study: Final Adult Baseline (Wave 1) Questionnaire. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health.

Hitchman S, Fong GT, Zanna MP, Thrasher JF, Chung-Hall J, Siahpush M. Socioeconomic status and smokers’ number of smoking friends: Findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey. Drug & Alcohol Dependence. 143:158-66. 2014

Hitchman S, Fong GT, Zanna MP, Thrasher JF, Laux F. The relation between number of smoking friends and quit intentions, attempts, and success: Findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Project Four Country Survey. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors. 28(4):1144-52. 2014.

Protocol ID

750301

Variables

Export Variables

Variable Name	Variable ID	Variable Description	dbGaP Mapping
PX750301_SocialNorms_Adult_Smoking_Friends_Acquaintances
	PX750301020000	Of the five closest friends or acquaintances more that you spend time with on a regular basis, how many of them are smokers? show less	N/A
PX750301_SocialNorms_Adult_Smoking_Household
	PX750301010000	Does anyone who lives with you now do any of more the following? Choose all that apply show less	N/A
PX750301_SocialNorms_Adult_Smoking_Opinion_GeneralPublic
	PX750301040000	How would you describe most people's opinion more of using tobacco? show less	N/A
PX750301_SocialNorms_Adult_Smoking_Opinion_LovedOnes
	PX750301030000	Thinking about the people who are important more to you, how would you describe their opinion on using tobacco? show less	N/A

Tobacco Regulatory Research: Environment

Measure Name

Social Norms about Tobacco

Release Date

August 7, 2015

Definition

This measure assesses social norms about tobacco, such as attitudes about tobacco product use among family and peers.

Purpose

The purpose of this measure is to evaluate perceptions and attitudes about tobacco product use by those who are important to them and by the general population, in order to develop a better understanding of the rules and standards by members of a group that guide or constrain social behavior without the force of laws.

Keywords

social norms about tobacco - adult, Social norms, social acceptability, tobacco, smoke, smokeless tobacco, Chewing Tobacco, Snuff, dip, snus, Cigars, cigarillos, filtered cigars, International Tobacco Control, ITC, Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health, PATH, family, Friends, peers, smoking, attitudes, adult, cigarettes, descriptive norms, injunctive norms, youth, adolescents, cigarettes, opinion, second hand smoke, secondhand smoke, second-hand smoke

Measure Protocols

Protocol ID	Protocol Name
750301	Social Norms about Tobacco - Adult
750302	Social Norms about Tobacco - Youth

Publications

Garcia-Cazarin, M.L., Mandal, R.J., Grana, R., Wanke, K.L., Meissner, H. (2020) Host-agent-vector-environment measures for electronic cigarette research used in NIH grants. Tobacco Control. 2020 January; 29(1). doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-054032