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Protocol - Word Decoding

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Description

The Test of Word Reading Efficiency–Second Edition (TOWRE-2) is a nationally normed measure of word reading accuracy and speed. The test contains two subtests: the Sight Word Efficiency (SWE) subtest, and the Phonemic Decoding Efficiency (PDE) subtest. The SWE subtest involves presenting the respondent with a list of real printed words. The respondent must accurately read and pronounce as many words as possible in 45 seconds. This subtest evaluates the respondents’ ability to identify sight words. The PDE subtest involves presenting a list of printed nonwords. The respondent must accurately decode and pronounce as many words as possible in 45 seconds. This subtest evaluates the respondents’ ability to decode (“sound out”) nonwords. The examiner scores each item as it is being pronounced.

Specific Instructions

The Test of Word Reading Efficiency–Second Edition (TOWRE-2) is a proprietary protocol and administration requires a licensing agreement from Pro-Ed, Incorporated. For this assessment to be considered valid, the investigator should make sure that the respondent speaks English as a first language.

Availability

Limited Availability

Protocol

Summary of the Test of Word Reading Efficiency–Second Edition (TOWRE-2)

The Test of Word Reading Efficiency–Second Edition (TOWRE-2) contains two subtests: the Sight Word Efficiency (SWE) subtest, and the Phonemic Decoding Efficiency (PDE) subtest. The SWE subtest assesses the number of printed sight words that can be accurately identified and pronounced in 45 seconds. The PDE subtest measures the number of printed nonwords that can be accurately decoded (“sounded out”) in 45 seconds.

Test of Word Reading Efficiency–Second Edition (TOWRE-2). Copyright © 2012 Pro-Ed, Incorporated. All rights reserved.

Personnel and Training Required

The Test of Word Reading Efficiency–Second Edition (TOWRE-2) can be administered by trained research assistants. Examiners should have formal training in the ethical administration, scoring, and interpretation of clinical assessments. Additionally, investigators are encouraged to have quality control procedures in place to maintain consistency across tests and among examiners. Examiners should familiarize themselves with the expected pronunciations, especially of the nonwords. Due to the speed of the word reading task, examiners may wish to record the participants’ productions and score their performance offline.

Equipment Needs

The interviewer will need the complete kit for the Test of Word Reading Efficiency–Second Edition (TOWRE-2), which includes: Examiner's Manual, Examiner Record Booklets (Forms A and B), Response to Intervention Booklets, and Word Cards for Forms A,B,C, and D. These four different versions of the test are available to facilitate retesting to monitor progress without repeating the same test version.

Requirements
Requirement CategoryRequired
Major equipment No
Specialized training No
Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection No
Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual No
Mode of Administration

Interviewer-administered questionnaire

Lifestage

Child, Adolescent, Adult

Participants

Children, adolescents, and adults, ages 6 years and 0 months through 24 years and 11 months

Selection Rationale

The Test of Word Reading Efficiency–Second Edition (TOWRE-2) was selected because it is a widely used, validated protocol that can be administered very quickly. Additionally, normative data are available to assist scoring.

Language

English

Standards
StandardNameIDSource
Derived Variables

None

Process and Review

The Expert Review Panel #7 (ERP 7) reviewed the measures in the Speech and Hearing domain.

Guidance from the ERP 7 includes the following:

  • Updated protocol

Back-compatible: no changes to Data Dictionary

Previous version in Toolkit archive (link)

Protocol Name from Source

The Test of Word Reading Efficiency-Second Edition (TOWRE-2)

Source

Torgesen, J., Wagner, R., & Rashotte, C. (2012). Test of Word Reading Efficiency–2 (TOWRE-2). Austin, TX: Pro-Ed, Inc.

The Test of Word Reading Efficiency–Second Edition (TOWRE-2) is a proprietary protocol and can be obtained through:

Pro-Ed, Inc.
8700 Shoal Creek Boulevard
Austin, TX 78757-6897
Telephone: 800-897-3202
https://www.proedinc.com/

General References

None

Protocol ID

201402

Variables
Export Variables
Variable Name Variable IDVariable DescriptiondbGaP Mapping
PX201402000000 Protocol 201402 - proprietary. Check DCW for more
contact. show less
N/A
Speech, Language and Hearing
Measure Name

Word Decoding

Release Date

June 4, 2019

Definition

This measure is a test to assess the respondent's ability to read real words and nonwords rapidly and accurately.

Purpose

This measure tests a respondent's word reading accuracy and speed to provide an efficient means of monitoring word and nonword reading skills that are critical in the development of overall reading ability. Difficulty with sight word identification and nonword decoding is a key component of dyslexia.

Keywords

Word decoding, word identification, reading, Test of Word Reading Efficiency–Second Edition, TOWRE-2, dyslexia, decoding, speed, sight word efficiency, phonemic decoding efficiency, proprietary, speech and hearing

Measure Protocols
Protocol ID Protocol Name
201402 Word Decoding
Publications

Rice, M.L. & Tager-Flusberg, H. (2016) Language Phenotypes. In V. Jagaroo and S.L. Santangelo (eds.) Neurophenotypes, Innovations in Cognitive Neuroscience. Springer. 2016 January; doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-3846-5_12