Protocol - Involuntary Weight Loss

Description

An interviewer-administered two-item questionnaire assessing weight loss of more than five pounds in the past 12 months and an individuals intent to lose weight.

Specific Instructions

Although the original Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study was conducted in the geriatric population, the PhenX Geriatrics Working Group acknowledges this protocol may be useful with other adult populations.

Availability

Available

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Protocol

1. Have you lost 5 or more pounds at any time over the past 12 months?

1[ ]Yes (if yes, go to 1b)

0[ ]No (go to question 2)

8[ ]Dont know (go to question 2)

7[ ]Refused (go to question 2)

1b. How much weight did you lose in the past 12 months? If you are not sure, please make your best guess.

[ ] ___ ___ ___ pounds

8[ ]Dont know/dont remember

7[ ]Refused

2. Were you trying to lose weight?

1[ ]Yes (go to question 2b)

0[ ]No (go to question 3)

8[ ]Dont know (go to question 3)

7[ ]Refused (go to question 3)

2b. What methods did you use to lose weight?

-1[ ]Reduced food intake (decreased quantities of all food eaten)

-1[ ]Limiting your intake to only 1 or 2 types of food (e.g., ate only grapefruit or only lean meats)

-1[ ]Reduced fat intake

-1[ ]Use of fat/caloric modified foods (low fat, fat-free)

-1[ ]Use of a liquid diet formula such as Slim-fast or Optifast

-1[ ]Commercial weight loss program (Weight Watcher, Jenny Craig, or self-help group (Over Eaters Anonymous, TOPS)

-1[ ]Decreased alcohol intake

-1[ ]Increased exercise

-1[ ]Increased smoking

-1[ ]Diet pills (prescription or nonprescription)

-1[ ]Stomach surgery/intestinal bypass

-1[ ]Consulted with dietician/physician/other professional

-1[ ]Other (Please specify): _______________________

3. What do you think caused this weight loss? (Interviewer note: Please check all that apply)

-1[ ]Illness (please specify): _____________

-1[ ]Surgery (please specify): ____________

-1[ ]Medications

-1[ ]Stressful time

-1[ ]Loss of appetite

-1[ ]Change in eating habits

-1[ ]Change in exercise habits/amount of physical activity

-1[ ]Other (please specify): _______________________

-1[ ]Dont know

Personnel and Training Required

The interviewer must be trained to conduct personal interviews with individuals from the general population. The interviewer must be trained and found to be competent (i.e., tested by an expert) at the completion of personal interviews. The interviewer should be trained to prompt respondents further if a "dont know" response is provided.

Equipment Needs

The PhenX Working Group acknowledges that these questions can be administered in a computerized or noncomputerized format (i.e., paper-and-pencil instrument). Computer software is necessary to develop computer-assisted instruments. The interviewer will require a laptop computer/handheld computer to administer a computer-assisted questionnaire.

Requirements

Requirement Category	Required
Major equipment	No
Specialized training	No
Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection	No
Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual	No

Mode of Administration

Interviewer-administered questionnaire

Lifestage

Adult, Senior

Participants

Adults aged 70-79 years at baseline

Selection Rationale

These questions were used in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study, and recognized as making a valuable contribution to the study of body composition and strength in old age and how these changes relate to an individuals health and disability.

Language

English

Standards

Standard	Name	ID	Source
Human Phenotype Ontology	Weight Loss	HP:0001824	HPO
caDSR Form	PhenX PX251101 - Involuntary Weight Loss	6873351	caDSR Form

Derived Variables

None

Process and Review

Not applicable.

Protocol Name from Source

Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study (Health ABC), Weight History, Version 1.1a

Source

Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study, Weight History, Question 52 and 52b version 1.1a 8/22/97

General References

Lee, J. S., Kritchevsky, S. B., Tylavsky, F. A., Harris, T., Everhart, J., Simonsick, E. M., ... Newman, A. B. (2004). Weight-loss intention in the well-functioning, community-dwelling elderly: Associations with diet quality, physical activity, and weight change. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 80, 466-474.

Weyant, R. J., Newman, A. B., Kritchevsky, S. B., Bretz, W. A., Corby, P. M., Ren, D., ... Harris, T. (2004). Periodontal disease and weight loss in older adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 52, 547-553.

Lee, J. S., Kritchevsky, S. B., Harris, T. B., Tylavsky, F., Rubin, S. M., & Newman, A. B. (2005). Short-term weight change in community-dwelling older adults. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 82, 644-650.

Lee, J. S., Kritchevsky, S. B., Tylavsky, F., Harris, T., Simonsick, E. M., Rubin, S. M., & Newman, A. B. (2005). Weight change, weight change intention, and the incidence of mobility limitation in well-functioning community-dwelling older adults. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 60, 1007-1012.

Newman, A. B., Lee, J. S., Visser, M., Goodpaster, B. H., Kritchevsky, S. B., Tylavsky, F. A., ... Harris, T. B. (2005). Weight changes and the conservation of lean mass in old age: The Health, Aging and Body Composition Study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 82, 872-878.

Koster, A., van Gool, C. H., Kempen, G. I., Penninx, B. W., Lee, J. S., Rubin, S. M., ... Kritchevsky, S. B. (2010). Late-life depressed mood and weight change contribute to the risk of each other. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 18, 236-244.

Murphy, R. A., Nalls, M. A., Keller, M., Garcia, M., Kritchevsky, S. B., Tylavsky, F. A., ... Harris, T. B. (2013). Candidate gene association study of BMI-related loci, weight, and adiposity in old age. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 68, 661-666.

Murphy, R. A., Patel, K. V., Kritchevsky, S. B., Houston, D. K., Newman, A. B, Koster, A., ... Harris, T. B. (2014). Weight change, body composition, and risk of mobility disability and mortality in older adults: A population-based cohort study. Journal of the American Geriatric Society, 62, 1476-1483.

Protocol ID

251101

Variables

Export Variables

Variable Name	Variable ID	Variable Description	dbGaP Mapping
PX251101_Involuntary_Weight_Loss_Cause
	PX251101030101	What do you think caused this weight loss? more (Interviewer note: Please check all that apply) show less	N/A
PX251101_Involuntary_Weight_Loss_Cause_Illness
	PX251101030102	What do you think caused this weight loss? more (Interviewer note: Please check all that apply) show less	N/A
PX251101_Involuntary_Weight_Loss_Cause_Other
	PX251101030104	What do you think caused this weight loss? more (Interviewer note: Please check all that apply) show less	N/A
PX251101_Involuntary_Weight_Loss_Cause_Surgery
	PX251101030103	What do you think caused this weight loss? more (Interviewer note: Please check all that apply) show less	N/A
PX251101_Involuntary_Weight_Loss_Five_Pounds_Past_Year
	PX251101010100	Have you lost 5 or more pounds at any time more over the past 12 months? show less	N/A
PX251101_Involuntary_Weight_Loss_Intentional
	PX251101020100	Were you trying to lose weight?	N/A
PX251101_Involuntary_Weight_Loss_Methods
	PX251101020201	What methods did you use to lose weight?	N/A
PX251101_Involuntary_Weight_Loss_Methods_Other
	PX251101020202	What methods did you use to lose weight?	N/A
PX251101_Involuntary_Weight_Loss_Past_Year
	PX251101010202	How much weight did you lose in the past 12 more months? If you are not sure, please make your best guess. show less	N/A
PX251101_Involuntary_Weight_Loss_Past_Year_Number
	PX251101010201	How much weight did you lose in the past 12 more months? If you are not sure, please make your best guess. ___ ___ ___ pounds show less	N/A

Geriatrics

Measure Name

Involuntary Weight Loss

Release Date

July 2, 2018

Definition

A questionnaire assessing involuntary weight loss in the past 12 months.

Purpose

Involuntary weight loss is a common problem in the geriatric population and is associated with diseases, frailty, disability, and an increased risk of mortality. It is important not only to identify weight loss but also to assess whether the weight loss was intentional (did the patient try to lose weight) or unintentional (occurring without any effort to lose weight).

Keywords

"Health, aging, and Body Composition Study", Health ABC, geriatrics, National Institute on Aging, NIA, Weight change, gerontology, aging

Measure Protocols

Protocol ID	Protocol Name
251101	Involuntary Weight Loss

Publications

Oyedeji, C. I., et al. (2022) The Sickle Cell Disease Functional Assessment (SCD-FA) tool: a feasibility pilot study. Pilot and Feasibility Studies. 2022 March; 8(1): 14. doi: 10.1186/s40814-022-01005-3