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Protocol - Premorbid Adjustment in Psychosis

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Description

The Modified Cannon-Spoor Premorbid Adjustment Scale (PAS) is an interviewer-administered rating scale that assesses functioning levels in four major areas of the subject’s life: social accessibility-isolation, peer relationships, ability to function outside the nuclear family, and capacity to form intimate socio-sexual ties. The scale is divided into four life period sections. The life period sections are Childhood (6-11 years), Early Adolescence (12-15 years), Late Adolescence (16-18 years), and Adulthood (19 years and up). Each section of the scale contains several items that are scored on a Likert-type scale of 0-6, where lower numbers indicate normal, healthy functioning and higher numbers suggest abnormal development.

The protocol measures only premorbid functioning, which is considered as the period ending 12 months before psychotic symptoms.

Specific Instructions

The Cannon-Spoor Premorbid Adjustment Scale (PAS) was modified as described by van Mastrigt and Addington (2002). The modifications were to slightly alter the scoring of the traditional scale to enhance use of the scale in first-episode psychosis.

The date of onset of the psychotic illness must be established before the end of the premorbid period can be determined. Consider symptoms that were both noticeable and of concern when estimating the date of onset. These symptoms should be clearly noticed by the individual, the family or both. The end of the premorbid period should be taken as 1 year before the date of onset.

Methods of training and inter-rater reliability should be reported.

The Premorbid Adjustment Scale is available for use by request to author jonathan.rabinowitz@biu.ac.il

Availability

Available

Protocol

Subject’s Initials:

___________________________

Interviewer:

___________________________

Date of Interview (ddmmyyyy):

___________________________

Date of birth (ddmmyyyy):

___________________________

Date of first onset of psychotic symptoms (ddmmyyyy):

___________________________

Date of first psychiatric hospitalization (ddmmyyyy):

___________________________

Age at time of onset of first psychotic symptoms (ddmmyyyy):

___________________________

Sections to be administered

Put a check mark next to all sections up to 1 year prior to age at time of onset. These will represent the section of the PAS to be administered. For example, if the first psychotic symptoms were manifest at the age of 16, the interviewer would ask all the questions about life until the age of 15 inclusive [i.e., Childhood (up to the age of 11) and Early teens (ages 12 - 15)].

Childhood (ages 6 to 11):

Early teens (ages 12 to 15):

Late adolescence (ages 16 to 18):

Adulthood (19 and above):

Note: To help the respondent, throughout the interview repeat for each question the relevant age range. This is to help insure that the subject responds with reference to the relevant age range. Questions a to g below are intended to get the subject thinking about the past and act as a preliminary stage to the interview.

Insert the subject’s name instead of "you" if collected from someone other than the subject. I’d like to begin by asking you some short questions about what you were like growing up.

(a) Where were you born?

(b) Where did you grow up?

(c) Who did you live with when you were very young?

(d) Where did you go to school?

(e) How did you get to school?

Childhood (ages 6 to 11)

Now, I’d like to ask you some questions about your first years in school, from age 6 to 11.

I. Sociability and withdrawal childhood (ages 6 to 11)

Note: If onset was during this period, use for upper age ("to ____") age of onset -1.

First, I’d like to ask you about your friendships from the age of 6 to ____.

1. Did you have friends at school or in your neighborhood?

If "no" then skip to question 5.

2. What did you and your friends do together?

3. Who mostly made plans to do things, you or your friends?

4. Did you prefer to stay by yourself or get together with friends?

5. What kinds of things did you like to do at that age?

6. Did you spend a lot of time by yourself?

7. Did you daydream a lot?

II. Peer relationships childhood (ages 6 to 11)

If no friends or acquaintances at all are noted in the previous section (I. Sociability and withdrawal) score this section based on information already obtained and skip questions 1 to 5.

Note: If onset was during this period, use for upper age ("to ____") age of onset -1.

1. About how many friends did you have?

2. Were you close to any of them?

3. Did you have a best friend?

4. If yes: What was he/she like?

5. How often did you get together with your best friend?

6. What did you do when you got together with your best friend?

7. Did you have a friend who you could tell things that you did not want other people to know?

8. Were most of your friends your age?

9. If not, how much younger/older were they?

III. Scholastic performance childhood (ages 6 to 11)

Note: If onset was during this period, use for upper age ("to ____") age of onset -1.

I’d like to ask you some questions about school from the age of 6 to ____.

1. What was the name of your school?

Was it a public school, religious school, or another type of school? Did you go to a "special needs" school?

Note: Special school refers to a school for children with severe learning or emotional difficulties. If the respondent studied in special school then the highest possible rating on this item is 4.

If attended regular school: Did you attend regular classes with most other kids or did you go to a special class in a regular school?

2. Some kids find school very difficult. How hard were your subjects? Note: If you have local standards for excellent, good, average, fair and failing use them to illustrate. For example A, B, C, D and F.

3. What subject did you do the best in? What was the best grade you ever got?

4. What subjects did you have the hardest time in? What was the worst grade you ever got?

5. Compared to other kids, how did you do in school at this age? (Note the relevant years of schooling)

6. Thinking about all your subjects, how did you do overall, excellent, good, average, fair or failing student?

7. Did you repeat any years of schooling?

8. Would your exam marks have been good enough for you to get into any school?

IV. Adaptation to school childhood (ages 6 to 11)

Insert before each question "From the age of 6 to ____"

1. Did you enjoy school?

2. Would you say that you liked most of your teachers or would you say that you did not like most of your teachers?

3. Who was your favorite teacher?

What did you like about him/her?

4. Which teacher did you dislike the most?

Why didn’t you like him/her?

5. Did you have friends in school?

6. Did you turn off during class - like daydream or just not pay attention? How do you do that?

7. Were you involved in any school activities like teams, clubs, anything like that?

8. Some kids get into trouble at school. How often did you get into trouble at school?

What kinds of things happened?

If yes, probe to see if this was serious.

9. Did you leave school without permission? (A lot?)

10. Some kids break things at school, or rip their books. Did you ever damage school property?

Could you tell me about it?

If yes, probe to see if this was serious.

11. As punishment for being bad were you ever sent home from school for a few days or more from school? If yes, for how long?

12. For being bad were you ever told you are not allowed to go back to school?

Early adolescence (ages 12 to 15)

Now I am going to ask you some questions about your life between the ages of 12 to 15 (note for subject approximate school grade _____).

I. Sociability and withdrawal early adolescence (ages 12 to 15)

Note: If onset was during this period, use for upper age ("to ____") age of onset -1.

First, I’d like to ask you about your friendships from the age of 12 to ____.

Insert before each question "From the age of 12 to ____"

1. Did you have friends at school or in your neighborhood?

If "no" then skip to question 5.

2. What did you and your friends do together?

3. Who mostly made plans to do things, you or your friends?

4. Did you prefer to stay by yourself or get together with friends?

5. What kinds of things did you like to do at that age?

6. Did you spend a lot of time by yourself?

7. Did you daydream a lot?

II. Peer relationships early adolescence (ages 12 to 15)

If no friends or acquaintances at all are noted in the previous section (I. Sociability and withdrawal) score this section based on information already obtained and skip questions 1 to 5.

Note: If onset was during this period, use for upper age ("to ____") age of onset -1.

Insert before each question "From the age of 12 to ____:

1. About how many friends did you have?

2. Were you close to any of them?

3. Did you have a best friend?

If yes: What was he/she like?

How often did you get together with your best friend?

What did you do when you got together with your best friend?

4. Did you have a friend who you could tell things that you did not want other people to know?

5. Were most of your friends your age?

If not, how much younger/older were they?

III. Scholastic performance early adolescence (ages 12 to 15)

Note: If onset was during this period, use for upper age ("to ____") age of onset -1.

I’d like to ask you some questions about school from the age of 12 to ____.

Insert before each question "From the age of 12 to ____"

1. What was the name of your school?

2. Was it a public school, religious school, or another type of school?

3. Did you go to a "special needs" school?

Note to interviewer: Special school refers to a school for children with severe learning or emotional difficulties, if the respondent studied in special school they would not be rated higher than 4 on this item.

If attended regular school: Did you attend regular classes with most other kids or did you go to a special class in a regular school?

4. Some kids find school very difficult. How hard were your subjects?

Note to interviewer: If you have local standards for excellent, good, average, fair and failing use them to illustrate. For example A, B, C, D and F.

5. What subject did you do the best in? What was the best grade you ever got?

6. What subjects did you have the hardest time in? What was the worst grade you ever got?

7. Compared to other kids, how did you do in school at this age? (Note the relevant ages or years of schooling)

8. Thinking about all your subjects, how did you do overall, excellent, good, average, fair or failing student?

9. Did you repeat any years of schooling?

10. Would your exam marks have been good enough for you to get into any school?

IV. Adaptation to school early adolescence (ages 12 to 15)

Insert before each question "From the age of 12 to ____"

1. Did you enjoy school?

2. Did you like or dislike most of your teachers?

3. Who was your favorite teacher? What did you like about him/her?

4. Which teacher did you dislike the most? Why didn’t you like him/her?

5. Did you have friends in school?

6. Did you turn off during class - like daydream or just not pay attention? How often did that happen to you?

7. Were you involved in any school activities like teams, clubs, anything like that?

8. Some kids get into trouble at school. How often did you get into trouble at school? What kinds of things happened?

If yes, probe to see if this was serious.

9. Did you leave school without permission? (A lot?)

10. Some kids break things at school, or rip their books. Did you ever damage school property? Could you tell me about it?

If yes, probe to see if this was serious.

11. As punishment for being bad were you ever sent home from school for a few days or more from school? If yes, for how long?

12. For being bad were you ever told you are not allowed to go back to school?

V. Social-sexual aspects of life during early adolescence (ages 12 to 15)

Note: If onset was during this period, use for upper age ("to ____") age of onset -1.

I am going to ask you some questions about your relationships.

1. Did you have friends of the opposite sex, the same sex or both?

2. Did you socialize with boys and girls?

3. Did you have any romantic interests?

4. Did you ever have a crush?

5. Did you date?

6. Did you have a steady romantic relationship?

7. Were your partner(s) boy(s) and/or girl(s)?

8. Did you ever hug or kiss or have other sexual contact with your boy or girlfriend?

Late adolescence (ages 16 to 18)

Now I’d like to ask you about your late teens. Were you still in school from the age of 16 to 18?

I. Sociability and withdrawal late adolescence (ages 16 to 18)

Note: If onset was during this period, use for upper age ("to ____") age of onset -1.

1. Did you have friends at school or in your neighborhood?

If "no" then skip to question 5.

2. What did you and your friends do together?

3. Who mostly made plans to do things, you or your friends?

4. Did you prefer to stay by yourself or get together with friends?

5. What kinds of things did you like to do at that age?

6. Did you spend a lot of time by yourself?

7. Did you daydream a lot?

II. Peer relationships late adolescence (ages 16 to 18)

If no friends or acquaintances at all are noted in the previous section (I. Sociability and withdrawal) score this section based on information already obtained and skip questions 1 to 5.

Note: If onset was during this period, use for upper age ("to ____") age of onset -1.

1. About how many friends did you have?

2. Were you close to any of them?

3. Did you have a best friend?

If yes: What was he/she like?

How often did you get together with your best friend?

What did you do when you got together with your best friend?

4. Did you have a friend who you could tell things that you did not want other people to know?

5. Were most of your friends your age?

If not, how much younger/older were they?

III. Scholastic performance late adolescence (ages 16 to 18)

Note: If onset was during this period, use for upper age ("to ____") age of onset -1.

I’d like to ask you some questions about school from the age of 16 to ____.

1. What was the name of your school?

Was it a public school, religious school, or another type of school? Did you go to a "special needs" school?

Note: Special school refers to a school for children with severe learning or emotional difficulties, if the respondent studied in special school they would not be rated higher than 4 on this item.

If attended regular school: Did you attend regular classes with most other kids or did you go to a special class in a regular school?

2. Some kids find school very difficult. How hard were your subjects?

Note: If you have local standards for excellent, good, average, fair and failing use them to illustrate. For example A, B, C, D and F.

3. What subject did you do the best in? What was the best grade you ever got?

4. What subjects did you have the hardest time in? What was the worst grade you ever got?

5. Compared to other kids, how did you do in school at this age? (Note the relevant ages or years of schooling)

6. Thinking about all your subjects, how did you do overall, excellent, good, average, fair or failing student?

7. Did you repeat any years of schooling?

8. Would your exam marks have been good enough for you to get into any school?

IV. Adaptation to school late adolescence (ages 16 to 18)

Insert before each question "From the age of 16 to ____"

1. Did you enjoy school?

2. Would you say that you liked most of your teachers or would you say that you did not like most of your teachers?

3. Who was your favorite teacher? What did you like about him/her?

4. Which teacher did you dislike the most? Why didn’t you like him/her?

5. Did you have friends in school?

6. Did you turn off during class - like daydream or just not pay attention? How often did that happen to you?

7. Were you involved in any school activities like teams, clubs, anything like that?

8. Some kids get into trouble at school. How often did you get into trouble at school? What kinds of things happened? If yes, probe to see if this was serious.

9. Did you leave school without permission? (A lot?)

10. Some kids break things at school, or rip their books. Did you ever damage school property?

Could you tell me about it?

If yes, probe to see how serious this was.

11. As punishment for being bad were you ever sent home from school for a few days or more from school?

If yes, for how long?

12. For being bad were you ever told you are not allowed to go back to school?

V. Social-sexual aspects of life during late adolescence (ages 16 to 18)

Note: If onset was during this period, use for upper age ("to ____") age of onset -1.

I am going to ask you some questions about your relationships during the age of 16 to ____.

1. Did you ever go steady with another boy or girl for a long time? If so then ask:

How many steady relationships did you have?

Was it / were they sexual relationship(s)?

How long did the relationship last?

2. Did you date other boys, girls or both? Which? If so did you have ‘casual sex’?

4. Did you ever willingly hug, kiss or have other sexual contact with another boy or girl?

5. Were your friends male, female or both?

If the above answers show no sign of interest is shown then ask:

Were you not interested being with a boy or girl sexually, or for another reason?

Note to interviewer If no sexual interest is shown probe and if verified allocate 6 and go to the next section.

Adulthood (ages 19 and above)

Now I’d like to ask you some questions about your life from the age of 19 until ____(age of onset less one year as noted in the instructions before starting the interview).

Were you working or in school from the age of 19 to ____(use age from previous paragraph)?

I. Sociability and withdrawal adulthood (ages 19 and above)

Note: If onset was during this period, use for upper age ("to ____") age of onset -1.

How about your friendships from the age of 19 to ____.

1. Did you have friends at school or in your neighborhood?

If "no" then skip to question 5.

2. What did you and your friends do together?

3. Who mostly made plans to do things, you or your friends?

4. Did you prefer to stay by yourself or get together with friends?

5. What kinds of things did you like to do at that age?

6. Did you spend a lot of time by yourself?

7. Did you daydream a lot?

II. Peer relationships adulthood (ages 19 and above)

If no friends or acquaintances at all are noted in the previous section (I. Sociability and withdrawal) score this section based on information already obtained and skip questions 1 to 5.

Note: If onset was during this period, use for upper age ("to ____") age of onset -1.

1. About how many friends did you have?

2. Were you close to any of them?

3. Did you have a best friend or best friends?

If yes: What was he/she like?

How often did you get together with your best friend(s)?

What did you do when you got together with your best friend(s)?

4. Did you have a friend who you could tell things that you did not want other people to know?

5. Were most of your friends your age?

If not, how much younger/older were they?

Now I am going to ask you some questions about your relationships from age 19 to _____(age of onset -1).

Are you now or have you ever been married?

Note to Interviewer: If yes: Go to V.1.

If never married and over 30 year olds: Go to V.2.

If never married, age 19-29 years: Go to V.3.

V1. Aspects of adult social-sexual life (for persons married now or previously)

1. Are you now married?

2. How long have you been married?

3. Would you say that you are overall happily married?

4. Many couples argue a lot. How often do you and your spouse argue?

5. How satisfied are you with your sex life?

6. Is this your first marriage?

7. During this marriage, have you ever had an affair?

If this is a first marriage, then skip to next section "General", if not continue.

8. How many times were you married?

9. What year or how old were you when you first got married?

10. How did the marriage end? When did this happen? (Continue to ask about each marriage up to onset age -1).

V.2 Never married, over 30 years of age- Aspects of adult social-sexual life

1. Have you ever been engaged or in a steady relationship?

If yes: How long was your longest relationship?

2. Were these relationships sexual?

If yes: How often did you have sex?

3. If the answers to the above were no then ask: Have you had any romantic interests?

V.3 Never married, age 19-29 years - Aspects of adult social-sexual life

1. Have you had any romantic interests?

If no: Was this by choice or for another reason?

Did you ever want to get married or go steady but your partner(s) did not?

2. Were you ever engaged or did you go steady? How long was this?

3. Did you live together?

4. Have you had sexual relations?

If yes: How often did you have sex?

Was sex with the same partner?

If no: What was the longest such relationship?

PLEASE CHECK THAT YOU HAVE COMPLETED ALL THE PAS QUESTIONS ON THE REPORTING FORM

Appendix I: Premorbid Adjustment Scale with modifications

Instructions

This scale is designed to measure only premorbid functioning, where "premorbid" is defined as the period ending 12 months before evidence of characteristic florid psychotic symptomatology.

Only those life periods that are premorbid by this definition should be rated on this scale, regardless of the present age of the subject (e.g., a 39-year-old who had his first psychotic episode at age 17 would not be rated on the adult section, but would be rated on all other sections). In order to determine if a particular section should be scored, the onset date recorded in the chart should be consulted. If the individual showed signs of psychotic symptoms less than 12 months prior to this date, the section corresponding to this time frame should not be scored because it does not fall under the "premorbid period."

Scoring

Items are rated from 0 to 6. If it is impossible to rate an item, it should be marked as N/A (not available) on the scoring sheet. The possible score indicates the highest score obtainable by adding the maximum score for all items completed (e.g., if a subject receives ratings of 2, 3, 3 and 2 for the 4 items in the childhood section, the total score is 10. The possible score is 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 24. The total score divided by the possible score is 0.42). The score for any one section is expressed as a total score divided by possible score for the items rated. If only 3 items could be rated, then the possible score would be 18 (6 + 6 + 6), the total score would be 8 (2 + 3 + 3) and the section score 0.44.

The overall score is obtained by averaging all the subscale scores.

When scoring particular items, the patient need not meet all criteria set out in the anchor points. For example, on item 1 (sociability and withdrawal), the anchor point given for a score of 4, a patient must show moderate withdrawal. Daydreaming and excessive fantasy are offered in the anchor point to suggest the types of behaviour that might be exhibited by an individual who would receive this score. It is important to remember, however, that these are simply guidelines, and the individual is not required to meet all of the criteria offered in the anchor point in order to receive that score.

Childhood (up through age 11)

1. Sociability and withdrawal

0[ ]Not withdrawn, actively and frequently seeks out social contacts

2[ ]Mild withdrawal, enjoys socialization when involved, occasionally seeks opportunities to socialize

4[ ]Moderately withdrawn, given to daydreaming and excessive fantasy, may passively allow self to be drawn into contact with others, but does not seek it

6[ ]Unrelated to others, withdrawn and isolated, avoids contacts

2. Peer relationships

0[ ]Many friends (more than 5), close relationships ("best friends" or people you could confide in) with several

1[ ]2-5 friends

2[ ]Close relationships with a few friends (1 or 2), casual friendships with others

3[ ]Only casual friends

4[ ]Deviant (unusual) friendship patterns: friendly with children younger or older only, or relatives only, or casual relationships only

6[ ]Social isolate, no friends, not even superficial relationships

3. Scholastic performance (as compared with all other students that age in the general population [i.e., a student doing very well in a special needs school would rate no higher than a 4])

0[ ]Excellent student (straight A’s-likely to attend a post-secondary institution)

1[ ]A’s and B’s (likely to pursue post-secondary studies)

2[ ]Good student (B’s-post-secondary)

3[ ]Average student (B’s and C’s)

4[ ]Fair student (C’s)

5[ ]D’s-failing some classes

6[ ]Failing all classes

4. Adaptation to school

0[ ]Good adaptation, enjoys school, no or rare discipline problems, has friends at school, likes most teachers

1[ ]Likes school, few discipline problems

2[ ]Fair adaptation, occasional discipline problems, not very interested in school, but no truancy or rare. Has friends in school, but does not often take part in extracurricular activities

3[ ]Sometimes truant

4[ ]Poor adaptation, dislikes school, frequent truancy, frequent discipline problem (may have been suspended)

5[ ]Expelled from school

6[ ]Refuses to have anything to do with school - delinquency or vandalism directed against school

Early adolescence (12-15 years of age)

1. Sociability and withdrawal

0[ ]Not withdrawn

2[ ]Mild withdrawal, enjoys socialization when involved, occasionally seeks opportunities to socialize

4[ ]Moderately withdrawn, given to daydreaming and excessive fantasy, may passively allow self to be drawn into contact with others, but does not seek it

6[ ]Unrelated to others, withdrawn and isolated, avoids contact

2. Peer relationships

0[ ]Many friends (more than 5), close relationships ("best friends" or people you could confide in) with several

1[ ]2-5 friends

2[ ]Close relationships with a few friends (1 or 2), casual friendships with others

3[ ]Only casual friends

4[ ]Deviant (unusual) friendship patterns: friendly with children younger or older only, or relatives only, or casual relationships only

6[ ]Social isolate, no friends, not even superficial relationships

3. Scholastic performance (as compared with all other students that age in the general population [i.e., a student doing very well in a special needs school would rate no higher than a 4])

0[ ]Excellent student (straight A’s-likely to attend a post-secondary institution)

1[ ]A’s and B’s (likely to pursue post-secondary studies)

2[ ]Good student (B’s-post-secondary)

3[ ]Average student (B’s and C’s)

4[ ]Fair student (C’s)

5[ ]D’s-failing some classes

6[ ]Failing all classes

4. Adaptation to school

0[ ]Good adaptation, enjoys school, no or rare discipline problems, has friends at school, likes most teachers

1[ ]Likes school, few discipline problems

2[ ]Fair adaptation, occasional discipline problems, not very interested in school, but no truancy or rare. Has friends in school, but does not often take part in extracurricular activities

3[ ]Sometimes truant

4[ ]Poor adaptation, dislikes school, frequent truancy, frequent discipline problem (may have been suspended)

5[ ]Expelled from school

6[ ]Refuses to have anything to do with school - delinquency or vandalism directed against school

5. Social-sexual aspects of life during early adolescence

0[ ]Started dating, showed a "healthy interest" in the opposite sex, may have gone "steady," may include some sexual activity

1[ ]Attachment and interest in others, may be same-sex attachments, may be a member of a group, interested in the opposite sex, although may not have close, emotional relationship with someone of the opposite sex, "crushes" and flirtations

2[ ]Consistent deep interest in same-sex attachments with restricted or no interest in the opposite sex

3[ ]Casual same-sex attachments with inadequate attempts at relationships with the opposite sex. Casual contacts with both sexes

4[ ]Casual contacts with the same sex, no interest in the opposite sex

5[ ]A loner, no or rare contacts with either boys or girls

6[ ]Antisocial, avoids and avoided by peers (differs from above in that an active avoidance of others rather than a passive withdrawal is implied)

Late adolescence (16-18 years of age)

1. Sociability and withdrawal

0[ ]Not withdrawn

2[ ]Mild withdrawal, enjoys socialization when involved, occasionally seeks opportunities to socialize

4[ ]Moderately withdrawn, given to daydreaming and excessive fantasy, may passively allow self to be drawn into contact with others, but does not seek it

6[ ]Unrelated to others, withdrawn and isolated, avoids contact

2. Peer relationships

0[ ]Many friends (more than 5), close relationships ("best friends" or people you could confide in) with several

1[ ]2-5 friends

2[ ]Close relationships with a few friends (1 or 2), casual friendships with others

3[ ]Only casual friends

4[ ]Deviant (unusual) friendship patterns: friendly with children younger or older only, or relatives only, or casual relationships only

6[ ]Social isolate, no friends, not even superficial relationships

3. Scholastic performance (as compared with all other students that age in the general population [i.e., a student doing very well in a special needs school would rate no higher than a 4])

0[ ]Excellent student (straight A’s-likely to attend a post-secondary institution)

1[ ]A’s and B’s (likely to pursue post-secondary studies)

2[ ]Good student (B’s-post-secondary)

3[ ]Average student (B’s and C’s)

4[ ]Fair student (C’s)

5[ ]D’s-failing some classes

6[ ]Failing all classes

4. Adaptation to school

0[ ]Good adaptation, enjoys school, no or rare discipline problems, has friends at school, likes most teachers

1[ ]Likes school, few discipline problems

2[ ]Fair adaptation, occasional discipline problems, not very interested in school, but no truancy or rare. Has friends in school, but does not often take part in extracurricular activities

3[ ]Sometimes truant

4[ ]Poor adaptation, dislikes school, frequent truancy, frequent discipline problem (may have been suspended)

5[ ]Expelled from school

6[ ]Refuses to have anything to do with school - delinquency or vandalism directed against school

5. Social-sexual aspects of life during early adolescence

0[ ]Always showed a "healthy interest" in the opposite sex, dating, has gone "steady," has engaged in some sexual activity (not necessarily intercourse)

1[ ]Dated regularly. Had only one friend of the opposite sex with whom the subject went "steady" for a long time. (Includes sexual aspects of a relationship, although not necessarily intercourse; implies a twosome, pairing off into couples as distinguished from below)

2[ ]Always mixed closely with boys and girls. (Involves membership in a crowd, interest in and attachment to others, no couples)

3[ ]Consistent deep interest in same-sex attachments with restricted or no interest in the opposite sex

4[ ]Casual same-sex attachments with inadequate attempts at adjustment to going out with the opposite sex. Casual contacts with both sexes

5[ ]Casual contacts with the same sex, with a lack of interest in the opposite sex. Occasional contacts with the opposite sex

6[ ]No desire to be with boys and girls, never went out with the opposite sex

Adulthood (age 19 and above)

1. Sociability and withdrawal

0[ ]Not withdrawn, actively and frequently seeks out social contact

2[ ]Mild withdrawal, enjoys socialization when involved, occasionally seeks opportunities to socialize

4[ ]Moderately withdrawn, given to daydreaming and excessive fantasy, may passively allow self to be drawn into contact with others, but does not seek it

6[ ]Unrelated to others, withdrawn and isolated, avoids contact

2. Peer relationships

0[ ]Many friends (more than 5), close relationships ("best friends" or people you could confide in) with several

1[ ]2-5 friends

2[ ]Close relationships with a few friends (1 or 2), casual friendships with others

3[ ]Only casual friends

4[ ]Deviant (unusual) friendship patterns: friendly with children younger or older only, or relatives only, or casual relationships only

6[ ]Social isolate, no friends, not even superficial relationships

3. Aspects of adult social-sexual life

A. Married presently or formerly

0[ ]Married, only one marriage (or remarried as a result of death of spouse), living as a unit, adequate sexual relations

1[ ]Currently married with a history of low sexual drive, periods of difficult sexual relations, or extramarital affair

1[ ]Married more than one time, currently remarried. Adequate sexual relations during at least one marriage

2[ ]Married, or divorced and remarried, with chronically inadequate sex life

2[ ]Married and apparently permanently separated or divorced without remarriage, but maintained a home in one marriage for at least 3 years

3[ ]Same as above, but divorce occurred over 3 years ago and while married, maintained a home for less than 3 years

B. Never married, over 30 years of age

2[ ]Has been engaged one or more times or has had a long-term relationship (at least 2 years) involving heterosexual or homosexual relations, or apparent evidence of a love affair with one person, but unable to achieve a long-term commitment such as marriage

3[ ]Long-term heterosexual or homosexual relationship lasting over 6 months, but less than 2 years

4[ ]Brief or short-term dating experiences (heterosexual or homosexual) with one or more partners, but no long-lasting sexual experience with a single partner

5[ ]Sexual and/or social relationships rare or infrequent

6[ ]Minimal sexual or social interest in either men or women, isolated

C. Never married, age 19-29 years

0[ ]Has had at least one long-term love affair (minimum 6 months) or engagement, even though religious or other prohibitions or inhibitions may have prevented actual sexual union. May have lived together

1[ ]Has dated actively, had several "boyfriends" or "girlfriends." Some relationships have lasted a few months, but no long-term relationships. Relationships may have been serious but a long-term commitment such as marriage was not understood to be an eventuality

3[ ]Brief or short-term dating experiences or affairs with one or more partners, but no long-lasting sexual experience with a single partner

4[ ]Casual sexual or social relationships with persons of either sex with no deep emotional bonds

5[ ]Sexual and/or social relationships rare or infrequent

6[ ]Minimal sexual or social interest in either men or women, isolated

The Premorbid Adjustment Scale is available for use by request to author jonathan.rabinowitz@biu.ac.il

Personnel and Training Required

The interviewer must be trained to conduct personal interviews with individuals from the general population. The interviewer must be trained and found to be competent (i.e., tested by an expert) at the completion of personal interviews. The interviewer should be trained to prompt respondents further if a "don’t know" response is provided.

Equipment Needs

None

Requirements
Requirement CategoryRequired
Major equipment No
Specialized training Yes
Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection No
Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual Yes
Mode of Administration

Interviewer-administered questionnaire

Lifestage

Child, Adolescent, Adult

Participants

Children, adolescents, adults, ages 6 years and older

Selection Rationale

The Modified Cannon-Spoor Premorbid Adjustment Scale (PAS) was chosen for the following reason: it is slightly shorter than the original Cannon-Spoor PAS, and it has more sensitive language to gender issues. The original Cannon-Spoor PAS was designed to evaluate the degree of achievement of developmental goals at each of several periods of a subject’s life before the onset of schizophrenia. It has been found to be useful in identifying patients likely to become chronically hospitalized or at high risk for readmission. Currently, it is one of the most widely used measures of premorbid adjustment in schizophrenia populations.

The Early Psychosis Working Group omitted the general scale as it is not typically performed in the field of psychosis research and has acknowledged limitations as documented by van Mastrigt and Addington (2002).

Language

English

Standards
StandardNameIDSource
Human Phenotype Ontology Psychosis HP:0000709 HPO
Human Phenotype Ontology Behavioral abnormality HP:0000708 HPO
caDSR Form PhenX PX660801 - Premorbid Adjustment In Psychosis 6884838 caDSR Form
Derived Variables

None

Process and Review

Not applicable.

Protocol Name from Source

Modified Cannon-Spoor Premorbid Adjustment Scale (PAS)

Source

Rabinowitz, J., Levine, S.Z., Brill, N., Bromet, E.J. (2007). The premorbid adjustment scale structured interview (PAS-SI): preliminary findings. Schizophrenia Research, 90(1-3), 255-257.

General References

Brill, N., Reichenberg, A., Weiser, M., & Rabinowitz, J. (2008). Validity of the premorbid adjustment scale. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 34(5), 981-983.

Cannon-Spoor, H. E., Potkin, S. G., & Wyatt, R. J. (1982). Measurement of premorbid adjustment in chronic schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 8(3), 470-484.

van Mastrigt, S., & Addington, J. (2002, March). Assessment of premorbid function in first-episode schizophrenia: Modifications to the Premorbid Adjustment Scale. Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, 27(2), 92-101.

Protocol ID

660801

Variables
Export Variables
Variable Name Variable IDVariable DescriptiondbGaP Mapping
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_Childhood_Activities
PX660801050900 From the age of 6 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], were you involved in any school activities like teams, clubs, anything like that? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_Childhood_Damage_Details
PX660801051400 Could you tell me about it? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_Childhood_Damage_Property
PX660801051300 Some kids break things at school, or rip more
their books. From the age of 6 to [current age OR age of onset - 1], did you ever damage school property? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_Childhood_Daydream
PX660801050700 From the age of 6 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], did you turn off during class – like daydream or just not pay attention? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_Childhood_Daydream_Method
PX660801050800 How do you do that? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_Childhood_DislikedTeacher
PX660801050400 From the age of 6 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], which teacher did you dislike the most? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_Childhood_DislikedTeacher_Qualities
PX660801050500 From the age of 6 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], why didn't you like him/her? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_Childhood_FavoriteTeacher
PX660801050200 From the age of 6 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], who was your favorite teacher? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_Childhood_FavoriteTeacher_Qualities
PX660801050300 From the age of 6 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], what did you like about him/her? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_Childhood_Friends
PX660801050600 From the age of 6 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], did you have friends in school? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_Childhood_Leave
PX660801051200 From the age of 6 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], did you leave school without permission? (A lot?) show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_Childhood_SentHome
PX660801051500 From the age of 6 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], as punishment for being bad were you ever sent home from school for a few days or more from school? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_Childhood_SentHome_Length
PX660801051600 If yes, for how long? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_Childhood_Suspension
PX660801051700 From the age of 6 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], for being bad were you ever told you are not allowed to go back to school? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_Childhood_Teachers
PX660801050100 From the age of 6 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], would you say that you liked most of your teachers or would you say that you did not like most of your teachers? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_Childhood_Trouble
PX660801051000 Some kids get into trouble at school. From more
the age of 6 to [current age OR age of onset - 1], how often did you get into trouble at school? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_Childhood_Trouble_Details
PX660801051100 What kinds of things happened? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_EarlyAdolescence_Activities
PX660801090900 Were you involved in any school activities more
like teams, clubs, anything like that? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_EarlyAdolescence_Damage_Details
PX660801091400 Could you tell me about it? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_EarlyAdolescence_Damage_Property
PX660801091300 Some kids break things at school, or rip more
their books. Did you ever damage school property? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_EarlyAdolescence_Daydream
PX660801090700 Did you turn off during class more
– like daydream or just not pay attention? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_EarlyAdolescence_Daydream_Frequency
PX660801090800 How often did that happen to you? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_EarlyAdolescence_DislikedTeacher
PX660801090400 Which teacher did you dislike the most? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_EarlyAdolescence_DislikedTeacher_Qualities
PX660801090500 Why didn't you like him/her? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_EarlyAdolescence_FavoriteTeacher
PX660801090200 Who was your favorite teacher? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_EarlyAdolescence_FavoriteTeacher_Qualities
PX660801090300 What did you like about him/her? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_EarlyAdolescence_Friends
PX660801090600 Did you have friends in school? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_EarlyAdolescence_Leave
PX660801091200 Did you leave school without permission? (A lot?) N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_EarlyAdolescence_SentHome
PX660801091500 As punishment for being bad were you ever more
sent home from school for a few days or more from school? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_EarlyAdolescence_Suspension
PX660801091600 For being bad were you ever told you are not more
allowed to go back to school? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_EarlyAdolescence_Teachers
PX660801090100 Did you like or dislike most of your teachers? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_EarlyAdolescence_Trouble
PX660801091000 Some kids get into trouble at school. How more
often did you get into trouble at school? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_EarlyAdolescence_Trouble_Details
PX660801091100 What kinds of things happened? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_LateAdolescence_Activities
PX660801140900 Were you involved in any school activities more
like teams, clubs, anything like that? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_LateAdolescence_Damage_Details
PX660801141400 Could you tell me about it? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_LateAdolescence_Damage_Property
PX660801141300 10. Some kids break things at school, or rip more
their books. Did you ever damage school property? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_LateAdolescence_Daydream
PX660801140700 Did you turn off during class more
– like daydream or just not pay attention? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_LateAdolescence_Daydream_Frequency
PX660801140800 How often did that happen to you? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_LateAdolescence_DislikedTeacher
PX660801140400 Which teacher did you dislike the most? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_LateAdolescence_DislikedTeacher_Qualities
PX660801140500 Why didn't you like him/her? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_LateAdolescence_FavoriteTeacher
PX660801140200 Who was your favorite teacher? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_LateAdolescence_FavoriteTeacher_Qualities
PX660801140300 What did you like about him/her? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_LateAdolescence_Friends
PX660801140600 Did you have friends in school? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_LateAdolescence_Leave
PX660801141200 Did you leave school without permission? (A lot?) N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_LateAdolescence_SentHome
PX660801141500 As punishment for being bad were you ever more
sent home from school for a few days or more from school? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_LateAdolescence_SentHome_Length
PX660801141600 If yes, for how long? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_LateAdolescence_Suspension
PX660801141700 For being bad were you ever told you are not more
allowed to go back to school? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_LateAdolescence_Teachers
PX660801140100 Would you say that you liked most of your more
teachers or would you say that you did not like most of your teachers? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_LateAdolescence_Trouble
PX660801141000 Some kids get into trouble at school. How more
often did you get into trouble at school? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_AdaptationToSchool_LateAdolescence_Trouble_Details
PX660801141100 What kinds of things happened? If yes, probe more
to see if this was serious. show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Adulthood_Activities
PX660801160500 What kinds of things did you like to do at more
that age? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Adulthood_Alone
PX660801160600 Did you spend a lot of time by yourself? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Adulthood_Daydream
PX660801160700 Did you daydream a lot? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Adulthood_Friends
PX660801160100 Did you have friends at school or in your more
neighborhood? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Adulthood_Friends_Activities
PX660801160200 What did you and your friends do together? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Adulthood_Friends_Alone
PX660801160400 Did you prefer to stay by yourself or get more
together with friends? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Adulthood_Friends_Planning
PX660801160300 Who mostly made plans to do things, you or more
your friends? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Birth_Date
PX660801010200 Date of birth (ddmmyyyy): N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Birth_Location
PX660801010600 Where were you born? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Childhood_Household
PX660801010800 Who did you live with when you were very young? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Childhood_Location
PX660801010700 Where did you grow up? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_EarlyAdolescence_Activities
PX660801060500 From the age of 12 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], what kinds of things did you like to do at that age? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_EarlyAdolescence_Alone
PX660801060600 From the age of 12 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], did you spend a lot of time by yourself? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_EarlyAdolescence_Daydream
PX660801060700 From the age of 12 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], did you daydream a lot? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_EarlyAdolescence_Friends
PX660801060100 From the age of 12 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], did you have friends at school or in your neighborhood? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_EarlyAdolescence_Friends_Activities
PX660801060200 From the age of 12 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], what did you and your friends do together? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_EarlyAdolescence_Friends_Alone
PX660801060400 From the age of 12 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], did you prefer to stay by yourself or get together with friends? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_EarlyAdolescence_Friends_Planning
PX660801060300 From the age of 12 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], who mostly made plans to do things, you or your friends? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Hospitalization_Date
PX660801010400 Date of first psychiatric hospitalization more
(ddmmyyyy): show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Interview_Date
PX660801010100 Date of Interview (ddmmyyyy): N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_LateAdolescence_Activities
PX660801110500 What kinds of things did you like to do at more
that age? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_LateAdolescence_Alone
PX660801110600 Did you spend a lot of time by yourself? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_LateAdolescence_Daydream
PX660801110700 Did you daydream a lot? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_LateAdolescence_Friends
PX660801110100 Did you have friends at school or in your more
neighborhood? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_LateAdolescence_Friends_Activities
PX660801110200 What did you and your friends do together? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_LateAdolescence_Friends_Alone
PX660801110400 Did you prefer to stay by yourself or get more
together with friends? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_LateAdolescence_Friends_Planning
PX660801110300 Who mostly made plans to do things, you or more
your friends? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Marriage
PX660801180100 Are you now or have you ever been married? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Married_Affair
PX660801180800 During this marriage, have you ever had an affair? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Married_Age
PX660801181000 What year or how old were you when you first more
got married? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Married_End
PX660801181100 How did the marriage end? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Married_End_When
PX660801181200 When did this happen? (Continue to ask about more
each marriage up to onset age -1). show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Married_Fight
PX660801180500 Many couples argue a lot. How often do you more
and your spouse argue? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Married_First
PX660801180700 Is this your first marriage? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Married_Happiness
PX660801180400 Would you say that you are overall happily more
married? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Married_HowMany
PX660801180900 How many times were you married? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Married_Length
PX660801180300 How long have you been married? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Married_Sex_Life
PX660801180600 How satisfied are you with your sex life? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Married_Status
PX660801180200 Are you now married? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_NeverMarried_Over30_Relationship
PX660801190100 Have you ever been engaged or in a steady more
relationship? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_NeverMarried_Over30_Relationship_Length
PX660801190200 If yes: How long was your longest relationship? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_NeverMarried_Over30_Relationship_SexFrequency
PX660801190400 If yes: How often did you have sex? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_NeverMarried_Over30_Relationship_Sexual
PX660801190300 Were these relationships sexual? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_NeverMarried_Over30_Romance
PX660801190500 If the answers to the above were no then more
ask: Have you had any romantic interests? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_NeverMarried_Under30_Cohabitance
PX660801200600 Did you live together? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_NeverMarried_Under30_Marriage
PX660801200300 Did you ever want to get married or go more
steady but your partner(s) did not? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_NeverMarried_Under30_Relationship
PX660801200400 Were you ever engaged or did you go steady? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_NeverMarried_Under30_Relationship_Length
PX660801200500 How long was this? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_NeverMarried_Under30_Romance
PX660801200100 Have you had any romantic interests? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_NeverMarried_Under30_Romance_Reason
PX660801200200 If no: Was this by choice or for another reason? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_NeverMarried_Under30_Sexual_Relations
PX660801200700 Have you had sexual relations? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_NeverMarried_Under30_Sexual_Relationships
PX660801201000 If no: What was the longest such relationship? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_NeverMarried_Under30_Sex_Frequency
PX660801200800 If yes: How often did you have sex? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_NeverMarried_Under30_Sex_Partners
PX660801200900 Was sex with the same partner? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Onset_Date
PX660801010300 Date of first onset of psychotic symptoms more
(ddmmyyyy): show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_Adulthood_BestFriend
PX660801170300 Did you have a best friend or best friends? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_Adulthood_BestFriend_Activity
PX660801170600 What did you do when you got together with more
your best friend(s)? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_Adulthood_BestFriend_Describe
PX660801170400 If yes: What was he/she like? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_Adulthood_BestFriend_Often
PX660801170500 How often did you get together with your more
best friend(s)? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_Adulthood_CloseFriends
PX660801170200 Were you close to any of them? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_Adulthood_Friends
PX660801170100 About how many friends did you have? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_Adulthood_Friends_Age
PX660801170800 Were most of your friends your age? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_Adulthood_Friends_Age_Other
PX660801170900 If not, how much younger/older were they? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_Adulthood_Friend_Confide
PX660801170700 Did you have a friend who you could tell more
things that you did not want other people to know? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_Childhood_BestFriend
PX660801030300 Did you have a best friend? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_Childhood_BestFriend_Activity
PX660801030600 What did you do when you got together with more
your best friend? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_Childhood_BestFriend_Describe
PX660801030400 If yes: What was he/she like? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_Childhood_BestFriend_Often
PX660801030500 How often did you get together with your more
best friend? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_Childhood_CloseFriends
PX660801030200 Were you close to any of them? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_Childhood_Friends
PX660801030100 About how many friends did you have? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_Childhood_Friends_Age
PX660801030800 Were most of your friends your age? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_Childhood_Friends_Age_Other
PX660801030900 If not, how much younger/older were they? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_Childhood_Friend_Confide
PX660801030700 Did you have a friend who you could tell more
things that you did not want other people to know? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_EarlyAdolescence_BestFriend
PX660801070300 From the age of 12 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], did you have a best friend? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_EarlyAdolescence_BestFriend_Activity
PX660801070600 From the age of 12 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], what did you do when you got together with your best friend? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_EarlyAdolescence_BestFriend_Describe
PX660801070400 If yes: What was he/she like? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_EarlyAdolescence_BestFriend_Often
PX660801070500 From the age of 12 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], how often did you get together with your best friend? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_EarlyAdolescence_CloseFriends
PX660801070200 From the age of 12 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], were you close to any of them? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_EarlyAdolescence_Friends
PX660801070100 From the age of 12 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], about how many friends did you have? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_EarlyAdolescence_Friends_Age
PX660801070800 From the age of 12 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], were most of your friends your age? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_EarlyAdolescence_Friends_Age_Other
PX660801070900 If not, how much younger/older were they? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_EarlyAdolescence_Friend_Confide
PX660801070700 From the age of 12 to [current age OR age of more
onset - 1], did you have a friend who you could tell things that you did not want other people to know? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_LateAdolescence_BestFriend
PX660801120300 Did you have a best friend? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_LateAdolescence_BestFriend_Activity
PX660801120600 What did you do when you got together with more
your best friend? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_LateAdolescence_BestFriend_Describe
PX660801120400 If yes: What was he/she like? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_LateAdolescence_BestFriend_Often
PX660801120500 How often did you get together with your more
best friend? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_LateAdolescence_CloseFriends
PX660801120200 Were you close to any of them? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_LateAdolescence_Friends
PX660801120100 About how many friends did you have? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_LateAdolescence_Friends_Age
PX660801120800 Were most of your friends your age? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_LateAdolescence_Friends_Age_Other
PX660801120900 If not, how much younger/older were they? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_PeerRelationships_LateAdolescence_Friend_Confide
PX660801120700 Did you have a friend who you could tell more
things that you did not want other people to know? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_Childhood_Best_Grade
PX660801040700 What was the best grade you ever got? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_Childhood_Best_Subject
PX660801040600 What subject did you do the best in? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_Childhood_Enjoy_School
PX660801041400 Did you enjoy school? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_Childhood_Exams
PX660801041300 Would your exam marks have been good enough more
for you to get into any school? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_Childhood_Overall
PX660801041100 Thinking about all your subjects, how did more
you do overall, excellent, good, average, fair or failing student? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_Childhood_Relative
PX660801041000 Compared to other kids, how did you do in more
school at this age? (Note the relevant years of schooling) show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_Childhood_Repeat_Grade
PX660801041200 Did you repeat any years of schooling? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_Childhood_School_Name
PX660801040100 What was the name of your school? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_Childhood_School_Regular
PX660801040400 If attended regular school: Did you attend more
regular classes with most other kids or did you go to a special class in a regular school? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_Childhood_School_Special
PX660801040300 Did you go to a "special needs" school? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_Childhood_School_Type
PX660801040200 Was it a public school, religious school, or more
another type of school? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_Childhood_Subjects_Difficulty
PX660801040500 Some kids find school very difficult. How more
hard were your subjects? Note: If you have local standards for excellent, good, average, fair and failing use them to illustrate. For example A, B, C, D and F. show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_Childhood_Worst_Grade
PX660801040900 What was the worst grade you ever got? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_Childhood_Worst_Subject
PX660801040800 What subjects did you have the hardest time in? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_EarlyAdolescence_Best_Grade
PX660801080700 What was the best grade you ever got? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_EarlyAdolescence_Best_Subject
PX660801080600 What subject did you do the best in? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_EarlyAdolescence_Enjoy_School
PX660801081400 Did you enjoy school? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_EarlyAdolescence_Exams
PX660801081300 Would your exam marks have been good enough more
for you to get into any school? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_EarlyAdolescence_Overall
PX660801081100 Thinking about all your subjects, how did more
you do overall, excellent, good, average, fair or failing student? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_EarlyAdolescence_Relative
PX660801081000 Compared to other kids, how did you do in more
school at this age? (Note the relevant ages or years of schooling) show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_EarlyAdolescence_Repeat_Grade
PX660801081200 Did you repeat any years of schooling? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_EarlyAdolescence_School_Name
PX660801080100 What was the name of your school? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_EarlyAdolescence_School_Regular
PX660801080400 If attended regular school: Did you attend more
regular classes with most other kids or did you go to a special class in a regular school? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_EarlyAdolescence_School_Special
PX660801080300 Did you go to a "special needs" school? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_EarlyAdolescence_School_Type
PX660801080200 Was it a public school, religious school, or more
another type of school? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_EarlyAdolescence_Subjects_Difficulty
PX660801080500 Some kids find school very difficult. How more
hard were your subjects? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_EarlyAdolescence_Worst_Grade
PX660801080900 What was the worst grade you ever got? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_EarlyAdolescence_Worst_Subject
PX660801080800 What subjects did you have the hardest time in? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_LateAdolescence_Best_Grade
PX660801130600 What was the best grade you ever got? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_LateAdolescence_Best_Subject
PX660801130500 What subject did you do the best in? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_LateAdolescence_Enjoy_School
PX660801131300 Did you enjoy school? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_LateAdolescence_Exams
PX660801131200 Would your exam marks have been good enough more
for you to get into any school? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_LateAdolescence_Overall
PX660801131000 Thinking about all your subjects, how did more
you do overall, excellent, good, average, fair or failing student? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_LateAdolescence_Relative
PX660801130900 Compared to other kids, how did you do in more
school at this age? (Note the relevant ages or years of schooling) show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_LateAdolescence_Repeat_Grade
PX660801131100 Did you repeat any years of schooling? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_LateAdolescence_School_Name
PX660801130100 What was the name of your school? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_LateAdolescence_School_Special
PX660801130300 Did you go to a "special needs" school? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_LateAdolescence_School_Type
PX660801130200 Was it a public school, religious school, or more
another type of school? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_LateAdolescence_Subjects_Difficulty
PX660801130400 Some kids find school very difficult. How more
hard were your subjects? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_LateAdolescence_Worst_Grade
PX660801130800 What was the worst grade you ever got? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_ScholasticPerformance_LateAdolescence_Worst_Subject
PX660801130700 What subjects did you have the hardest time in? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_School_Location
PX660801010900 Where did you go to school? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Socialbility_Activities
PX660801020500 What kinds of things did you like to do at more
that age? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Socialbility_Alone
PX660801020600 Did you spend a lot of time by yourself? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Socialbility_Daydream
PX660801020700 Did you daydream a lot? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Socialbility_Friends
PX660801020100 Did you have friends at school or in your more
neighborhood? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Socialbility_Friends_Activities
PX660801020200 What did you and your friends do together? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Socialbility_Friends_Alone
PX660801020400 Did you prefer to stay by yourself or get more
together with friends? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Socialbility_Friends_Planning
PX660801020300 Who mostly made plans to do things, you or more
your friends? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_SocialSexual_EarlyAdolescence_Crush
PX660801100400 Did you ever have a crush? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_SocialSexual_EarlyAdolescence_Date
PX660801100500 Did you date? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_SocialSexual_EarlyAdolescence_Friends
PX660801100100 Did you have friends of the opposite sex, more
the same sex or both? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_SocialSexual_EarlyAdolescence_Gender
PX660801100200 Did you socialize with boys and girls? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_SocialSexual_EarlyAdolescence_Partner
PX660801100700 Were your partner(s) boy(s) and/or girl(s)? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_SocialSexual_EarlyAdolescence_Relationship
PX660801100600 Did you have a steady romantic relationship? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_SocialSexual_EarlyAdolescence_Romance
PX660801100300 Did you have any romantic interests? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_SocialSexual_EarlyAdolescence_SexualContact
PX660801100800 Did you ever hug or kiss or have other more
sexual contact with your boy or girlfriend? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_SocialSexual_LateAdolescence_Friends
PX660801150800 Were your friends male, female or both? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_SocialSexual_LateAdolescence_Gender
PX660801150500 Did you date other boys, girls or both? Which? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_SocialSexual_LateAdolescence_NotInterested
PX660801150900 Were you not interested being with a boy or more
girl sexually, or for another reason? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_SocialSexual_LateAdolescence_Partner
PX660801150100 Did you ever go steady with another boy or more
girl for a long time? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_SocialSexual_LateAdolescence_Relationships
PX660801150200 How many steady relationships did you have? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_SocialSexual_LateAdolescence_Relationships_Length
PX660801150400 How long did the relationship last? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_SocialSexual_LateAdolescence_Relationships_Sexual
PX660801150300 Was it / were they sexual relationship(s)? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_SocialSexual_LateAdolescence_Sexuality
PX660801150600 If so did you have ‘casual sex'? N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_SocialSexual_LateAdolescence_Sexual_Contact
PX660801150700 Did you ever willingly hug, kiss or have more
other sexual contact with another boy or girl? show less
N/A
PX660801_PremorbidAdjustment_Symptoms_Date
PX660801010500 Age at time of onset of first psychotic more
symptoms (ddmmyyyy): show less
N/A
Early Psychosis Translational Research
Measure Name

Premorbid Adjustment in Psychosis

Release Date

January 17, 2017

Definition

An interview to evaluate an individual’s psychological functioning before the onset of psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia.

Purpose

This measure can be used to characterize the social-interpersonal and role functioning in childhood through early adulthood for people with severe mental illness.

Keywords

Schizophrenia, premorbid functioning, Modified Cannon-Spoor Premorbid Adjustment Scale, PAS, recall bias, premorbid history, sociability, scholastic performance, peer relationships, social-sexual tie, social-personal adjustment, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, psychotic disorders

Measure Protocols
Protocol ID Protocol Name
660801 Premorbid Adjustment in Psychosis
Publications

There are no publications listed for this protocol.