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Protocol - Multi-dimensional Assessment of Antipsychotic Medication Side Effects

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Description

The Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale (GASS) is a 22-item, self-administered checklist that captures a patient’s viewpoint about suffering from excessive side effects from the antipsychotic medication. Questions 1-20 relate to the previous week and questions 21-22 to the last three months. For questions 1-20, "never" = 0 points, "once" = 1 points, "a few times" = 2 points, and "everyday" = 3 points. For questions 21- 22, "yes" = 3 points and "no" = 0 points. All items are added together to give a total score and higher scores reflect more frequent experience of side effects.

Specific Instructions

The Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale (GASS) should be completed in proximity to another mental health professional or person to discuss any questions or issues.

Availability

Available

Protocol

Glasgow Antipsychotic Side‐effect Scale (GASS)

Name:______________________________________
Age:______________________________________
Sex:M / F
Please list current medication and total daily doses below:______________________________________

Please list current medication and total daily doses below:

This questionnaire is about how you have been recently. It is being used to determine if you are suffering from excessive side effects from your antipsychotic medication.

Please place a tick in the column which best indicates the degree to which you have experienced the following side effects. Tick the end box if you found that the side effect distressed you.

Over the past week:

Never

Once

A few times

Everyday

Tick this box if distressing

1. I felt sleepy during the day

2. I felt drugged or like a zombie

3. I felt dizzy when I stood up and/or have fainted

4. I have felt my heart beating irregularly or unusually fast

5. My muscles have been tense or jerky

6. My hands or arms have been shaky

7. My legs have felt restless and/or I couldn’t sit still

8. I have been drooling

9. My movements or walking have been slower than usual

10. I have had, or people have noticed uncontrollable movements of my face or body

11. My vision has been blurry

12. My mouth has been dry

13. I have had difficulty passing urine

14. I have felt like I am going to be sick or have vomited

15. I have wet the bed

16. I have been very thirsty and/or passing urine frequently

17. The areas around my nipples have been sore and swollen

18. I have noticed fluid coming from my nipples

19. I have had problems enjoying sex

20. Men only: I have had problems getting an erection

Tick yes or no for the following questions about the last three months

No

Yes

Tick this box if distressing

21. Women only: I have noticed a change in my periods

22. Men and women: I have been gaining weight

© 2007 Waddell & Taylor

Scoring

For questions 1-20 award 1 point for the answer "once," 2 points for the answer "a few times," and 3 points for the answer "everyday."

Please note zero points are awarded for an answer of "never."

For questions 21 and 22, award 3 points for a "yes" answer and 0 points for a "no." Total for all questions =

For male and female patients a total score of:
        • 0-12 = absent/mild side effects
        • 13-26 = moderate side effects
        • over 26 = severe side effects

Side effects covered by questions
        • 1-2 sedation and CNS side effects
        • 3-4 cardiovascular side effects
        • 5-10 extra‐pyramidal side effects
        • 11-13 anticholinergic side effects
        • 14 gastro‐intestinal side effects
        • 15 genitourinary side effects
        • 16 screening for diabetes mellitus
        • 17-21 prolactinaemic side effects
        • 22 weight gain

The column relating to the distress experienced with a particular side effect is not scored but is intended to inform the clinician of the service user’s views and condition.

Personnel and Training Required

None

Equipment Needs

None

Requirements
Requirement CategoryRequired
Major equipment No
Specialized training No
Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection No
Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual No
Mode of Administration

Self-administered questionnaire

Lifestage

Adult

Participants

Adults, ages 18 years and older

Selection Rationale

Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale (GASS) is a valid, reliable tool that could aid systematic clinical assessment, particularly in view of its brevity and user-friendly language. GASS is suitable for busy clinical environments and as part of routine clinical monitoring.

Language

English

Standards
StandardNameIDSource
Human Phenotype Ontology Psychosis HP:0000709 HPO
caDSR Form PhenX PX661701 - Multidimensional Assessment Of Antipsychotic Medication 6891374 caDSR Form
Derived Variables

None

Process and Review

Not applicable.

Protocol Name from Source

Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale (GASS)

Source

Waddell, L., & Taylor, M. (2008). A new self-rating scale for detecting atypical or second-generation antipsychotic side effects. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 22(3), 238-243.

General References

Day, J. C., Wood, G., Dewey, M., & Bentall, R. P. (1995). A self-rating scale for measuring neuroleptic side-effects. Validation in a group of schizophrenic patients. British Journal of Psychiatry, 166, 650-653.

Lambert, M., Conus, P., Eide, P., Mass, R., Karow, A., Moritz, S., Golks, D., & Naber, D. (2004). Impact of present and past antipsychotic side effects on attitude toward typical antipsychotic treatment and adherence. European Psychiatry, 19, 415-422.

Protocol ID

661701

Variables
Export Variables
Variable Name Variable IDVariable DescriptiondbGaP Mapping
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Age
PX661701020000 What is your age? N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Bed_Wetting
PX661701190000 I have wet the bed N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Blurry_Vision
PX661701150000 My vision has been blurry N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Difficulty_Urinating
PX661701170000 I have had difficulty passing urine N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Dizziness
PX661701070000 I felt dizzy when I stood up and/or have fainted N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Drooling
PX661701120000 I have been drooling N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Drugged
PX661701060000 I felt drugged or like a zombie N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Dry_Mouth
PX661701160000 My mouth has been dry N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Erection_Problems
PX661701240000 Men only: I have had problems getting an erection N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Heart_Irregularities
PX661701080000 I have felt my heart beating irregularly or more
unusually fast show less
N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Medications
PX661701040000 Please list current medication and total more
daily doses below: show less
N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Menstrual_Cycle
PX661701250000 Women only: I have noticed a change in my periods N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Muscle_Tense
PX661701090000 My muscles have been tense or jerky N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Name
PX661701010000 What is your name? N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Nausea
PX661701180000 I have felt like I am going to be sick or more
have vomited show less
N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Nipple_Fluid
PX661701220000 I have noticed fluid coming from my nipples N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Restless_Legs
PX661701110000 My legs have felt restless and/or I couldn't more
sit still show less
N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Sensitive_Nipples
PX661701210000 The areas around my nipples have been sore more
and swollen show less
N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Sex
PX661701030000 What is your sex? N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Sexual_Problems
PX661701230000 I have had problems enjoying sex N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Shaky_Hands
PX661701100000 My hands or arms have been shaky N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Sleepiness
PX661701050000 I felt sleepy during the day N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Slow_Movement
PX661701130000 My movements or walking have been slower more
than usual show less
N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Thirsty
PX661701200000 I have been very thirsty and/or passing more
urine frequently show less
N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Uncontrollable_Movement
PX661701140000 I have had, or people have noticed more
uncontrollable movements of my face or body show less
N/A
PX661701_Sideeffect_Scale_Weight_Gain
PX661701260000 Men and women: I have been gaining weight N/A
Early Psychosis Translational Research
Measure Name

Multi-dimensional Assessment of Antipsychotic Medication Side Effects

Release Date

January 17, 2017

Definition

A questionnaire to assess the suffering side effects from antipsychotic medication

Purpose

This measure assesses a patient’s wellbeing recently and determine if the patient is suffering from excessive side effects from antipsychotic medication.

Keywords

early psychosis, psychosis, antipsychotic medication side effects, Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale, GASS, side effect

Measure Protocols
Protocol ID Protocol Name
661701 Multi-dimensional Assessment of Antipsychotic Medication Side Effects
Publications

There are no publications listed for this protocol.