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Protocol - Sensitivity to Reward and Punishment - Adolescent and Adult

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Description

The behavioral inhibition system (BIS)/behavioral activation system (BAS) scale is a self-administered 20-item questionnaire that measures individual differences in motivation. Respondents indicate how much they agree or disagree with the statements on a four-point scale (strongly agree to strongly disagree). Scores can be derived for three behavioral activation system subscales (Drive, Fun Seeking, and Reward Responsiveness) and one behavioral inhibition system subscale. This scale is based on the original BIS/BAS system, which was later revised by Gray and McNaughton (2000).

Specific Instructions

The Working Group notes that although the answer responses for the adolescent/adult version of the behavioral inhibition system (BIS)/behavioral activation system (BAS) scales range from 1-4 and the answer responses for the child version range from 0-3, the scores are still comparable.

Availability

Available

Protocol

Adolescent and Adult BIS/BAS Scale

Each item of this questionnaire is a statement with which a person may either agree or disagree. For each item, indicate how much you agree or disagree with what the item says. Please respond to all the items; do not leave any blank. Choose only one response to each statement. Please be as accurate and honest as you can be. Respond to each item as if it were the only item. That is, don’t worry about being "consistent" in your responses.

1. Even if something bad is about to happen to me, I rarely experience fear or nervousness. (R)

1[ ]Strongly Agree

2[ ]Agree

3[ ]Disagree

4[ ]Strongly Disagree

2. I go out of my way to get things I want.

1[ ]Strongly Agree

2[ ]Agree

3[ ]Disagree

4[ ]Strongly Disagree

3. When I’m doing well at something, I love to keep at it.

1[ ]Strongly Agree

2[ ]Agree

3[ ]Disagree

4[ ]Strongly Disagree

4. I’m always willing to try something new if I think it will be fun.

1[ ]Strongly Agree

2[ ]Agree

3[ ]Disagree

4[ ]Strongly Disagree

5. When I get something I want, I feel excited and energized.

1[ ]Strongly Agree

2[ ]Agree

3[ ]Disagree

4[ ]Strongly Disagree

6. Criticism or scolding hurts me quite a bit.

1[ ]Strongly Agree

2[ ]Agree

3[ ]Disagree

4[ ]Strongly Disagree

7. When I want something, I usually go all-out to get it.

1[ ]Strongly Agree

2[ ]Agree

3[ ]Disagree

4[ ]Strongly Disagree

8. I will often do things for no other reason than that they might be fun.

1[ ]Strongly Agree

2[ ]Agree

3[ ]Disagree

4[ ]Strongly Disagree

9. If I see a chance to get something I want, I move on it right away.

1[ ]Strongly Agree

2[ ]Agree

3[ ]Disagree

4[ ]Strongly Disagree

10. I feel pretty worried or upset when I think or know somebody is angry at me.

1[ ]Strongly Agree

2[ ]Agree

3[ ]Disagree

4[ ]Strongly Disagree

11. When I see an opportunity for something I like, I get excited right away.

1[ ]Strongly Agree

2[ ]Agree

3[ ]Disagree

4[ ]Strongly Disagree

12. I often act on the spur of the moment.

1[ ]Strongly Agree

2[ ]Agree

3[ ]Disagree

4[ ]Strongly Disagree

13. If I think something unpleasant is going to happen, I usually get pretty "worked up."

1[ ]Strongly Agree

2[ ]Agree

3[ ]Disagree

4[ ]Strongly Disagree

14. When good things happen to me, it affects me strongly.

1[ ]Strongly Agree

2[ ]Agree

3[ ]Disagree

4[ ]Strongly Disagree

15. I feel worried when I think I have done poorly at something important.

1[ ]Strongly Agree

2[ ]Agree

3[ ]Disagree

4[ ]Strongly Disagree

16. I crave excitement and new sensations.

1[ ]Strongly Agree

2[ ]Agree

3[ ]Disagree

4[ ]Strongly Disagree

17. When I go after something, I use a "no holds barred" approach.

1[ ]Strongly Agree

2[ ]Agree

3[ ]Disagree

4[ ]Strongly Disagree

18. I have very few fears compared to my friends. (R)

1[ ]Strongly Agree

2[ ]Agree

3[ ]Disagree

4[ ]Strongly Disagree

19. It would excite me to win a contest.

1[ ]Strongly Agree

2[ ]Agree

3[ ]Disagree

4[ ]Strongly Disagree

20. I worry about making mistakes.

1[ ]Strongly Agree

2[ ]Agree

3[ ]Disagree

4[ ]Strongly Disagree

Scoring

Items 1 and 18 are reverse-scored.

Add up the scores associated with each answer response to obtain scores for the individual subscales listed below.

BAS Drive: 2, 7, 9, 17

BAS Fun Seeking: 4, 8, 12, 16

BAS Reward Responsiveness: 3, 5, 11, 14, 19

BIS: 1, 6, 10, 13, 15, 18, 20

Personnel and Training Required

None

Equipment Needs

None

Requirements
Requirement CategoryRequired
Major equipment No
Specialized training No
Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection No
Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual No
Mode of Administration

Self-administered questionnaire

Lifestage

Adolescent, Adult

Participants

Adolescents and adults aged 13 years or older

Selection Rationale

The behavioral inhibition system (BIS)/behavioral activation system (BAS) scale is easily administered, widely used, and correlates well with other similar measures.

Language

English

Standards
StandardNameIDSource
Human Phenotype Ontology Addictive behavior HP:0030858 HPO
Human Phenotype Ontology Diminished motivation HP:0000745 HPO
caDSR Form PhenX PX540601 - Sensitivity To Reward And Punishment Adolescent And Adult 6228468 caDSR Form
Derived Variables

None

Process and Review

The Expert Review Panel #3 (ERP 3) reviewed the measures in Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Substances, and Substance Abuse and Addiction domains.

Guidance from ERP 3 includes:

• No significant changes to measure

Back-compatible: NA no changes to Data Dictionary

Protocol Name from Source

Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS)/Behavioral Activation System (BAS) scale

Source

Carver, C. S., & White, T. L. (1994). Behavioral inhibition, behavioral activation, and affective responses to impending reward and punishment: The BIS/BAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(2), 319-333.

General References

Bijttebier, P., Beck, I., Claes, L., & Vandereycken, W. (2009). Gray’s reinforcement sensitivity theory as a framework for research on personality-psychopathology associations. Clinical Psychology Review, 29, 421-430.

Gray, J. A., & McNaughton, N. (2000). The neuropsychology of anxiety: An inquiry into the functions of the septo-hippocampal system. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Muris, P., Meesters, C., de Kanter, E., & Timmerman, P. E. (2005). Behavioural inhibition and behavioural activation system scales for children: Relationships with Eysenck’s personality traits and psychopathological symptoms. Personality and Individual Differences, 38, 831-841.

Scholten, M. R., van Honk, J., Aleman, A., & Kahn, R. S. (2006). Behavioral inhibition system (BIS), behavioral activation system (BAS) and schizophrenia: Relationship with psychopathology and physiology. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 40(7), 638-645.

Willem, L., Bijttebier, P., & Claes, L. (2010). Reactive and self-regulatory temperament dimensions in relation to alcohol use in adolescence. Addictive Behaviors, 35, 1029-1035.

Protocol ID

540601

Variables
Export Variables
Variable Name Variable IDVariable DescriptiondbGaP Mapping
PX540601_Act_Spur_Of_Moment
PX540601120000 I often act on the spur of the moment. N/A
PX540601_Crave_Excitement
PX540601160000 I crave excitement and new sensations. N/A
PX540601_Criticism_Or_Scolding_Hurts_Me
PX540601060000 Criticism or scolding hurts me quite a bit. N/A
PX540601_Doing_Well_At_Something
PX540601030000 When I'm doing well at something, I love to more
keep at it. show less
N/A
PX540601_Do_Because_Might_Be_Fun
PX540601080000 I will often do things for no other reason more
than that they might be fun. show less
N/A
PX540601_Excite_Me_To_Win_Contest
PX540601190000 It would excite me to win a contest. N/A
PX540601_Few_Fears_Compared_To_Friends
PX540601180000 I have very few fears compared to my friends. N/A
PX540601_Get_Excited_Right_Away
PX540601110000 When I see an opportunity for something I more
like, I get excited right away. show less
N/A
PX540601_Get_Something_I_Want_Energized
PX540601050000 When I get something I want, I feel excited more
and energized. show less
N/A
PX540601_Get_Things_I_Want
PX540601020000 I go out of my way to get things I want. N/A
PX540601_Good_Things_Affect_Me_Strongly
PX540601140000 When good things happen to me, it affects me more
strongly. show less
N/A
PX540601_Go_Allout
PX540601070000 When I want something, I usually go all-out more
to get it. show less
N/A
PX540601_Move_On_It_Right_Away
PX540601090000 If I see a chance to get something I want, I more
move on it right away. show less
N/A
PX540601_No_Holds_Barred_Approach
PX540601170000 When I go after something, I use a "no holds more
barred" approach. show less
N/A
PX540601_Rarely_Experience_Fear
PX540601010000 Even if something bad is about to happen to more
me, I rarely experience fear or nervousness. show less
N/A
PX540601_Willing_To_Try_Something_New
PX540601040000 I'm always willing to try something new if I more
think it will be fun. show less
N/A
PX540601_Worked_Up_Over_Unpleasant_Things
PX540601130000 If I think something unpleasant is going to more
happen, I usually get pretty "worked up.” show less
N/A
PX540601_Worried_When_Done_Poorly
PX540601150000 I feel worried when I think I have done more
poorly at something important. show less
N/A
PX540601_Worried_When_Somebody_Is_Angry
PX540601100000 I feel pretty worried or upset when I think more
or know somebody is angry at me. show less
N/A
PX540601_Worry_About_Making_Mistakes
PX540601200000 I worry about making mistakes. N/A
Substance Use-related Psychosocial Risk Factors
Measure Name

Sensitivity to Reward and Punishment

Release Date

February 24, 2012

Definition

This measure assesses the participant’s sensitivity to two motivational systems: the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and the behavioral activation system (BAS).

Purpose

The behavioral inhibition system (BIS) alerts the person to danger and punishment through feelings of anxiety and therefore inhibits behavior that leads to negative consequences. The behavioral activation system (BAS) alerts the person to reward through feelings of elation and therefore promotes behavior that leads to positive consequences. Various psychological disorders-such as attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, and substance abuse-may result from an imbalance in one motivational system or the other (Bijttebier et al., 2009).

Keywords

adolescent, Adult, BAS, Behavioral activation system, Behavioral inhibition system, BIS, Incentive, Motivation, personality, punishment, Reinforcement sensitivity, Reward, substance abuse, substance use, SAA, Substance Use-related Psychosocial Risk Factors

Measure Protocols
Protocol ID Protocol Name
540601 Sensitivity to Reward and Punishment - Adolescent and Adult
540602 Sensitivity to Reward and Punishment - Child
540603 Sensitivity to Punishment/Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire (SPSRQ)
Publications

Conway, K. P., et al. (2018) Co-occurrence of tobacco product use, substance use, and mental health problems among youth: Findings from wave 1 (2013-2014) of the population assessment of tobacco and health (PATH) study. Addict Behav. 2018 January; 76: 208-217. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.08.009